Arguments

Front 1

5 types of arguments

Back 1

Inductive, deductive, argument from sign, argument from analogy, argument from cause

Front 2

Inductive arguments

Back 2

Work from a series of individual cases to conclusion
*1.socrates was Greek
2. Most Greeks eat fish
3. Therefore Socrates probably eats fish

Front 3

Deductive arguments

Back 3

Follows an opposite sequence from that of an inductive argument.. General to specific

Front 4

Argument from sign

Back 4

You observe characteristics features or symptoms and then argue that the feature or symptom state or affairs
ALWAYS LEAD TO CONCLUSION
*there are many clouds in the sky, and lighting, the weatherman forecasts storms for today.. IT'S GOING TO RAIN

Front 5

Argument from cause

Back 5

Assumption that something will happen because of an earlier event
Cause to effect
Effect to cause
*if you don't do your homework u will be homeless*

Front 6

Argument from analogy

Back 6

Comparing a known and understood set of facts to less known ones and then arguing that they are similar
*people who have the same interests as you by an iPhone, so you believe that you will like an iphone*

Front 7

3 categories of artistic proofs

Back 7

Ethos, pathos, and logos

Front 8

Ethos

Back 8

Reputation, appearance, credibility.

Front 9

Pathos and 4 categories

Back 9

Emotional appeals
1. Fear
2. Pity of concern
3. Courage
4. Pride

Front 10

Logos

Back 10

Rational side of human thinking (syllogisms and enthymemes)

Front 11

Enthymemes

Back 11

Based on probability

Front 12

Syllogisms

Back 12

Certain

Front 13

Evidence types

Back 13

( the basic material of an argument, the data used to back it up)
Testimony, definition & explanation, statistics, examples

Front 14

Testimony

Back 14

Lay, personal, expert
*lay-man on the street*

Front 15

Definition / explanation

Back 15

Avoid dictionary definitions

Front 16

Statistics

Back 16

Shorthand method of summarizing a large number of cases
DO NOT OVERLOAD WITH STATISTICS

Front 17

Examples

Back 17

Real, hypothetical
Help illustrate the idea you are discussing