Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
social org. covers societies organizing...
|
...internally and externally
|
|
|
ideological systems are ways that societies...
|
...use knowledge/beliefs to cope with enviro
|
|
|
analogies used to make (3 things)
|
constructs, general theory, middle-range theory
|
|
|
for a general analogy, must show...
|
...similarity in cultural, enviro setting
|
|
|
for a specific analogy, must show...
|
...similarity in cultural, enviro setting, cultural continuity
|
|
|
formal analogy justified by...
|
...similarities in form
|
|
|
relational analogy justified by...
|
...close cultural continuity, similarity in cultural form
|
|
|
3 problems with analogies...
|
...more than 1 possible, just best guess, hard to apply to complex problems
|
|
|
2 interpretive tools other than analogy
|
social theory, archaeological theory
|
|
|
parts of environment
|
physical, biological, social
|
|
|
parts of physical environment
|
landforms, bodies of water, atmosphere
|
|
|
biological environment
|
everything living except humans
|
|
|
parts of social environment
|
physical, conceptual
|
|
|
physical social enviro
|
humans interacting with physical enviro
|
|
|
conceptual social enviro
|
enviro defined by human behaviors
|
|
|
cultural ecology studies...
|
...interaction between societies and enviro
|
|
|
cultural ecology promotes...
|
...enviro determinism
|
|
|
cultural ecology says culture...
|
...uses tech to adapt
|
|
|
3 questions in reconstructing subsistence economies
|
what was enviro like? what could be exploited and when? what tech was available?
|
|
|
4 parts of what enviro was like
|
species, micro/macro enviros, seasonality, effects of seasons on species
|
|
|
3 ways to study resource use
|
optimal, analogy, empirical
|
|
|
use what technique in optimal method?
|
predictive modeling
|
|
|
adaptations to drought in chaco
|
populate whole basin, roads, warehouses
|
|
|
bilateral descent...
|
...lacks depth
|
|
|
____ more genetically similar in patrilocal residence
|
men
|
|
|
which society has as many valued positions as people to fill them?
|
egalitarian
|
|
|
which society has restricted numbers of valued positions?
|
ranked
|
|
|
in what society is membership not permanent nor binding?
|
band
|
|
|
in what society does trade flow through a regioner center?
|
ranked
|
|
|
in ____ societies, everyone is related
|
egalitarian
|
|
|
in ____ societies, everyone is descended from a common, revered ancestor
|
ranked
|
|
|
in ____ societies, not everyone is related
|
stratified
|
|
|
study of spatial distribution of humans and activities in and between settlements
|
settlement arch
|
|
|
4 units of analysis in settlement arch
|
activity areas, households, settlements/communities, regional settlement patterns
|
|
|
settlements/communities
|
structures and features in discrete spatial unit
|
|
|
regional settlement pattern
|
settlements, households, activity areas, defined by boundaries on landscape
|
|
|
as societies change from ___ to ___, exotics become important part of economy
|
egalitarian bands, ranked societies
|
|
|
hopewell known for (2 things)
|
burial rituals, geometric earthworks
|
|
|
INAA determines comp of...
|
...clay
|
|
|
petrographic analysis determines comp of...
|
...temper and clay
|
|
|
art or writing that represent ideas about religion or cosmology
|
iconography
|
|
|
study of aspects of ancient culture that are product of human mind
|
cognitive arch
|
|
|
entopic phenomenon
|
see shapes while hallucinating, relate to something familiar
|
|
|
when did cave art in france and spain reach its peak?
|
magdalenian period
|
|
|
middle-range theory links ___ to ___
|
human behavior, observable data
|
|
|
middle-range theory is a ____ based on ___
|
rigorous analogy, causal linkages
|
|
|
symbolic ceremonial objets that occur in graves of high-status mississippians
|
southeastern ceremonial complex
|
|
|
4 functions of rock art from movie
|
primitive language, teaching, documenting history, fertility
|
|
|
berdaches were among...
|
...plains indians
|
