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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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archaeology |
the systematic, scientific study of the human past based on the investigation of material culture and its context |
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culture |
a society's share and socially transmitted ideas, values and perceptions |
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survey methods |
pedestrian test pitting geophysical survey aerial reconnaissance oblique photography remote sensing |
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pedestrian surveying |
people walking around on foot
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geophysical survey |
sonar resistivity (no digging) |
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difference between looters and archaeologists |
looters dig circles. sell treasures for money. archs dig perfect squares. does it for research
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excavation |
team based. led by a director. specialists work with excavators |
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types of specialists |
archaeobotanists (ancient plants) cermaics lithics (stone tools) zoo archaeology
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absolute dating |
find absolute age of artifacts |
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vertical emphasis |
goes down deep. address questions through time. shows different layers of time. reveals stratification (layering) |
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horizontal emphasis |
spaces out across a site for more sample collecting of 1 time period |
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stratigraphy |
layers of cultural and natural materials accumulate on top of each other (law of superposition)
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law of superposition |
things are older were buried first (further down in ground) reveals sequence of deposition |
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context |
the in situ location and associations (in 3D) of finds ie. bones and teeth |
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material culture |
artifacts ecofacts features |
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artifacts |
portable objects made or altered by humans |
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ecofacts |
natural plant, animal or sediment remains resulting from human activity |
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features |
non-portable structures (houses, walls, fireplaces) |
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site and settlement patterns |
spatial distribution of rooms, sites or group of sites (landscape archaeology) |
