Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
The War Towers of Mani: Mani |
- Harsh and secluded with few natural resources meant difficult living conditions - Close knit patriarchal clan societies - Warlike, competing, unruly - Family pride and honour - Governed by power of arms |
|
|
The War Towers of Mani: Outer Mani |
- 'Captain' regime like feudal system, leaders were captains - Absolute, hereditary political and economical power - Large fortified complexes - war towers |
|
|
The War Towers of Mani: Outer Mani Towers |
- Battlements: cut outs in walls for arrows -Bartizans: circular chambers jutting out from main tower - Loopholes: expanding vertical slots - Machicolations: projected chambers with holes in the floor places at strategic points above entries ex. Dourakis tower - 5 stories high, many fortifications |
|
|
The War Towers of Mani: Inner Mani |
- Smaller settlements with no permanent leader - Competing clans - Housing complexes with distinct neighbourhoods - Towers used for war, not residences - Everyone expected to help build tower - Larger tower = more family prestige - Demolition of tower means defeat |
|
|
The War Towers of Mani: Inner Mani Tower |
- ex. Giannoggonas tower - fortified courtyards, chapel - many construction and repair phases - troubled family history - 4 stories - Protected entrance and gun holes on all sides |
|
|
Brochs: Overview |
- Stone roundhouses unique to north and west Iron Age Scotland, not found outside Britain ~ 10 m in height - Exact purpose still a bit of a mystery - Roughly 7th century BC - 2nd century AD, starting in Orkney and moving south - Only 5 of about 700 remain |
|
|
Brochs: Construction |
- Not built with mortar - Double wall construction with space between the two -Internal post holes found inside - antiquarians think they had posts supporting structures inside for safety - Double wall construction for space between walls, and for stairs - Concentric ground plan and radial plan - Dynamic space: access and dwelling - sleeping, eating, keeping animals, travel - Likely made by specialists embedded within local traditions rather thanhired-in professionals unfamiliar with the properties of local stone and subsoil |
|
|
Brochs: Use |
- First archaeology thought they were elite residences, brochs = castles - Later, Armit referred to them as 'Atlantic roundhouses' and likened them to other, simpler round structures in Britain to level the hierarchical model - However, contemporary researchers to Armit disagreed, and saw Brochs as representing the higher social and political end of society - ' Embodiments of boundedness' representing borders and status -- Modern archaeologists think they were houses, a living building |
|
|
Brochs: Modern interpretations |
- 'Productive household'; Results from architectural analysis suggest that broch-building households hadaccess to resources for building impressive stone houses and seemingly managed local woodlands over generations. They worked sufficient land to apparently produce theagricultural surplus which was presumably necessary to engage in such large-scalebuilding projects. Out of their strong local tradition the broch-builders were aware ofand reactive to architectural developments in other broch-building regions. The pictureemerges of productive households, who expressed their success and connectednessthrough elaborate domestic architecture. - They were concerned withproduction and reflected their present success through impressive homes, but wereseemingly also very economical in their efforts to build them.
|
