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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What family do EEE, VEE, and WEE belong to? What is the structure of their virion and genome?
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*togaviruses (alphavirus genus)
*enveloped icosahedral nucleocapsid *(+) ssRNA |
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What is the vector for WEE/VEE/EEE? Describe the path of these viruses after transmission from the vector.
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After transmission from a mosquito, the virus moves from the blood to endothelial cells and then into nerve cells.
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Describe the clinical presentation of EEE.
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*10-12 day prodromal febrile illness
*fever, stiff neck, mental status changes *seizures and coma are possible *progression to encephalitis carries a 50-75% mortality |
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How does EEE cause pathogenesis?
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The infection induces apoptosis in host cells.
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What is the reservoir for EEE? Why is this fact useful for epidemiological purposes?
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Wild birds are asymptomatically infected and serve as a reservoir. Sentinal birds can thus be used to track disease patterns.
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What family does St. Louis encephalitis belong to? What is its virion and genome structure?
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*flavivirus
*enveloped, icosahedral nucleocapsid *(+) ssRNA |
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Other than a subclinical infection, what are the three main manifestations of SLE?
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1.Encephalitis
2.Meningitis 3.Febrile headache |
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What patient population is prone to a more severe disease course with SLE?
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The elderly - they become symptomatic and have mortality from SLE that is ten times that of younger people.
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What are the components of the sylvatiic and the urban cycles of transmission of SLE?
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*sylvatic cycle includes mosquito vector, bird reservoir/amplifying host, and human host
*urban cycle includes mosquito vector and human host |
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During what time of year is SLE most likely to be seen? About how many cases are seen in the US annually?
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*July-September (coinciding with mosquito prevalance)
*~50 cases/year |
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How is SLE diagnosed?
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*PCR detection of virus in blood, CSF or tissue
*ELISA detection of specific IgM *immunofluoresence of SLE Ag in urine or CSF |
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How is SLE treated? How can it be prevented?
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*treatment is supportive only
*there is no vaccine so prevention is limited to vector control |
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What family does West Nile virus belong to?
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Flaviviruses
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How is WNV transmitted?
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Most often from the bite of a viremic mosquito but has also been transmitted via contaminated organs or blood products.
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What are the ramifications of WNV infection during pregnancy?
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Intrauterine infection and congenital abnormalities.
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