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69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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GAF cutoff for inpatient?
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50 is the cutoff for inpatient overall
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Polythetic Criteria
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need only a certain number of symptoms to get diagnosis. (Example--> Need 4 of 10 symptoms)
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Conduct Disorder vs. Oppositional defiant disorder
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CD involves difficulty with law
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gender differences in ADHD
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3-5 times more in boys
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"Pure" ADHD
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have more cogntive and academic problems than those kids with a dual diagnosis
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Mental Retardation ranges
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Mild--> 50-70
Moderate--> 35-50 Severe--> 20-34 Profound--> below 20 |
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Ear infections (otitis media) and learning disabilities
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Increased LD, lower on Verbal Comprehension
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Tourette's and OCD
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1/3 of Tourette's kids also have OCD
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Tourette's and ADHD
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50% have ADHD
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Reactive Attachment Disorder, Inhibited type
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"scared kitten"
Ambivalent, hypervigilant |
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Reactive ATtachment Disorder, disinhibited type
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bond with anyone; no real differentiation
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Dementia due to Head Injury
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loss is not progressive and has retro and antero grade amnesia
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Dementia
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cognitive disturbances
memory loss (ST & LT) ALWAYS due to a medical condition or substance use |
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Alzheimer's dementia
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only diagnosed through autopsy (brain biopsy); progressive; starts with anterograde amnesia
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Stages of Alzheimers
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1) STM problems; irritability; depression
2) Further explicit memory loss; difficulty with complex tasks (shopping, etc) 3) serious impairment; trouble with simple tasks; recognition difficulties |
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Vascular Dementia
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Caused by CV
Course is stepwise and not progressive (if you have a stroke, you have an impairment) Deficits are patchy and not uniform (depends on location of stroke) |
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Delirium
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* gen med or substance induced
* decreased ability to concentrate and pay attention * disorientation and problems speaking * Usually SHORT in DURATION |
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PsuedoDementia
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* cognitive problems in MDD
* No substance or med problem * Cognitive decrease is abrupt |
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Post Partum Depression
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80 % of women get
postpartum blues; 10-20% get post partum DEPRESSION |
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Suicide Facts
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Older People do it more than younger people
White more than nonwhite Men more than women (women try more) Native Americans less than 45 have the highest risk overall |
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Beck's cognitive theory of depression
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1) automatic thoughts
2) cognitive distortions 3) Schemas |
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MAOI's
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1) work on norepinephrine (prevent breakdown)
2) good for atypical depression and symptoms of anxiety and phobias |
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TCA's
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1) antidepressant
2) work on Norepinephrine and Serotonin (prevent reuptake) 3) Relieve depression with motor retardation and somatic symptoms |
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SSRI's
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1) prevent reuptake of Serotonin
2) atypical depression 3) depression, OCD, anxiety, premature ejaculation 4) less cardiotoxic, onset is rapid, and no cognitive impairments |
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Progression of Psychosis
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less than 1 month--> Brief Psychotic Disorder
Less than 6 months--> Schizophreniform More than 6 months--> Schizophrenia |
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Delusional Disorder
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Nonbizarre delusional system (I'm being followed)
Can funtion in society |
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Schizoaffective Disorder
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Meet criteria for mood disorder and Schizophrenia
For at least 2 weeks, the mood symptoms go away and the psychotic symptoms stay |
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Concordance rates of Schizoprehnia
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* General Population--> 1%
* biological siblings--> 10% * Fraternal Twins--> 15-17% * Identical Twins--> 46-48% HIGHEST RISK IS FOR CHILD |
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Type 1 schizophrenia
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* Positive symptoms
* Traditional antipsychotics work best * NT abnormality |
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Type 2 Schizophrenia
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* Positive and negative symptoms (negative are priamry)
* Structural Brain Abnormality * Prognosis is worst * Atypical's work best (on serotonin and dopamine) |
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Anxiety vs. Depression
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Anxiety has similar level of negative affect and higher levels of autonomic aroual and positive affect
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Social Phobia
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* Fear of scrutiny by strangeres
* social situations * Having a friend present can increase anxiety |
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Specific Phobia; Blood-type
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requires tensing muscles to prevent passing out.
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Specific phobia
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No social phobia or agoraphobia allowed!
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Agoraphobia
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fear of being in a situation and having a panic attack
* Friend can help to alleviate the symptoms |
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Rebound anxiety
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often seen in treatment that uses benzos
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Panic Disorder
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Sudden extreme loss of control
With or without agoraphobia Unpredictable! |
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Acute Stress disorder
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less than one month
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PTSD
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symptoms at least one month;
extreme trauma treatment--> coping, exposure, early intervention |
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OCD vs. OCPD
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OCPD does not have obsessions or compulsions
OCPD has a preoccupation with order, control, perfection |
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Factitious disorder vs. Malingering
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Facticious disorder--> no real symptoms; wants to be in "sick role."
Malingering--> does it for an external payoff. |
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Dependence
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signified by tolerance and withdrawal
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Stages of Change
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1) Precontemplation--> no problem
2) Contemplation--> change in next 6 months 3) Preparation--> within the next month 4) Action--> Actually changes 5) Maintenance--> 6 months on; prevent relapse |
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Hypnagogic hallucinations
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hallucinations while falling asleep
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hypnopompic hallucinations
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hallucinations when waking up
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Dependent Personality Disorder
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have to rule out a mood disorder first
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Gestalt Therapy
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goal is to integrate thoughts, feelings, and actions
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Feminist therapy vs. Non-sexist therapy
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Feminist therapy focuses on political change as a goal
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Strategic Family Therapy
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* Haley
* Prescribing the symptom * Paradoxical techniques |
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Structural Family Therapy
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* Minuchin
* triangulation * Enmeshed vs. disengaged families * Reframing * Joining the family |
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Extended Family Systems therapy
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* Bowen
* Intergenerational transmission process * Triangulation Goal--> Differentiation of Self |
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Solution-Focused therapy
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* Miracle ? (A miracle happens and your problem is solved. What is different?)
* Exception ? (Think of a time when problem didn't exist. What was that like?) |
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Yalom--> Group therapy
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What is important is:
1) Interpersonal learning 2) cohesiveness 3) catharsis |
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Emic
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study culture from the inside (what is important to this culture?)
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Etic
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Study culture from the outside (What does science say is important for this culture?)
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Minority Identity Development Model (Atkinson)
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1) Conformity
2) Dissonance 3) Resistance & Immersion 4) Introspection 5) synergistic articulation & Awareness |
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Cross's Nigrescence Theory
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1) Pre-Encounter
2) Encounter 3) Immersion-Emersion 4) Internalization 5) Internalization- Commitment |
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Helm's White Racial Identity Development Model
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1) Contact
2) Disintegration 3) Reintegration 4) Pseudo-Independence 5) Immersion-Emersion 6) Autonomy |
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Backward Conditioning
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Doesn't work
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Catharsis
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Decrease of an emotional response by an extinction procedure
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Experimental Neurosis
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When forced to make stimulus discrimination between 2 closely related items
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Higher Order conditioning if US is present...
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Doesn't work (blocking)
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Higher Order conditioning is US is not present...
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works!! (2nd order is as high as you can go)
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counterconditioning
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pairing a CR with an incompatible response (for example--> anxiety with relaxation; you can't be anxious and relaxed at the same time)
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Systematic Desensitization
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Research shows that what is important is not relaxation, but exposure (extinction)
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Aversive Counterconditioning
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something you don't like is paire with something that you want to get rid of (shoe fetish)
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In vivo vs. Covert
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In vivo works better
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Implosive Therapy
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combines covert exposure(imaginary) wtih psychoanalysis
* Start right at top of hierarchy and extinction happens quickly |
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Flooding
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mass practice is better than spaced practice
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