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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Iqdaal?
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Iqdaal means to change. If nun-saakin or tanween is followed by 'ba' then you change to a 'meem' sound.
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What are Haroof-e-Qalqala?
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There are five Qalqala letters, they are known are as Qutbu Jiddan. When there is sakoon on these letters we jerk; as hitting a wall and jerking back.
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What is Harf-e-Saakin?
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Any letter that has a sakoon (upside down u) or 'jazam' on it. It is pronounced once. It attaches with the last letter and do NOT prolong.
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What is Mushaddad?
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Haroof or letters with shadda on them. Prolong Meem-Mushaddad for 2 seconds with ghunna. For nun-Mushaddad, do ghunna first, then pronounce 'nun'; also prolong for 2 seconds.
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What are the two ways of reciting the 'lam' in the word 'Allah'?
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If there is fatha or dhamma before 'lam' in 'Allah' then do 'pur' (rounded/ full) on the letter 'lam'. Example: Rasool Ullah
There is NO 'pur' if kasra comes before. Example: Bismillah |
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Describe 'Lam' Mushaddad.
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There is NO ghunna in 'lam' Mushaddad.
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What are the rules for Meem-Saakin?
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The three rules are Ikhfa Shafwi, Idghaame Shafwi and Izhaare Shafwi.
Ikhfa Shafwi is when 'ba' comes after Meem-Saakin and we pronounce ghunna/ light sound for 2 seconds. Idghaame Shafwi is if Meem-Mushaddad comes after Meem-Saakin, then they merge. Izhaare Shafwi is that there is NO ghunna with Meem-Saakin if any of the 26 out of 28 Arabic letters follow (except 'ba' or 'meem'). So read fast with Izhaar when there is Meem-Saakin. |
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What is Idgham?
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Idghaam means to merge. There are 6 Idghaam letters, known as YRMLUN. When these letters have 'shadda' on them, and are preceded by nun-saakin or tanween, then we do ghunna for 'ya', 'meem', 'wow' and 'nun'; however, there is no ghunna for 'Lam' and 'ra' and you just ignore the nun-saakin preceding.
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What is Madd-e-Muttasil?
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This madd is prolonged for 4 to 6 seconds. A 'hamza' follows it WITHIN the word.
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What is Madd-e-Munfasil?
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This madd is prolonged for 3-5 seconds. A 'hamza' follows in the next word.
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What is Harf-e-Leen?
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When a letter with fatha is joined with 'ya' or 'wow' saakin, then you prolong for 1 second (1/2 Alif). Example: Bau or Bai
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