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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what do food chains show? |
the feeding relationships between living things |
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what do pyramids of biomass show? |
mass of living material at each stage of the chain |
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what is the ultimate source of energy for most living things? |
the sun |
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what are producers? |
green plants and algae make food by phtotsynthesis |
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what are primary consumers? |
usually eat plant material - herbivores |
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what are secondary consumers? |
usually eat animals - carnivores |
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what are scavengers? |
feed on dead animals e.g. crows |
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what are decomposers? |
feed on dead and decaying organisms |
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what happens to the amount of energy from one stage to the next? |
it decreases |
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what uses of energy become available at the next stage? |
- growth - reproduction |
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what other 2 ways is energy used up? |
1. energy lost in waste materials e.g. faeces\ 2. energy released by respiration is used for movement and others. it is eventually lost as heat to the surroundings ALL ENERGY USED IN THESE WAYS RETURNS TO THE ENVIROMENT |
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what does decay do? |
digests food or waster matter and recycles materials |
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how does decay work? |
micro-organisms digest materials from living things |
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what 3 factors affect decay? |
1. moisture 2. temp 3. amount of available oxygen |
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how are the substances continuously recycled? |
some substances released during decay are needed by plants. processes that return substances to the environment are balanced by the processes that remove and use substances. |
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what does the carbon cycle show? |
how carbon moves from the atmosphere through various animals and plants and then back into the atmosphere again. |
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what do all cells contain? |
carbon compounds such as proteins, fats and carbs |
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what is carbon passed into the atmosphere as? |
carbon dioxide, to living things. from one organism to the next and returned back into the atmosphere |
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removing carbon? |
green plants and algae remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. carbon becomes part of complex molecules such as proteins, fats and carbs in the plant |
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returning carbon? |
- organisms return carbon dioxide by respiration. not just animals that respire but plants, algae and microorganisms do. - fossil fuels burnt |
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passing one carbon from one organism to the next? |
- animal eats carbon from plant - carbon becomes part of fats and protein in animal - microorganisms and animals feed on waste material from animals and remains of dead animals and plants - the carbon becomes part of these organisms |
