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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are some benefits of genetic modification? (5)
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Increase animal/plant yields
Increase nutrient content of food Increase resistance to disease/pests Making vaccines Producing medicines |
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What are the three main groups of substances produced using genetically modified bacteria?
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Antibiotics, hormones and enzymes
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What is one potential risk of using substances extracted from animals for human use?
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The substances can carry disease, using a GMO reduces this risk
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How has genetic engineering affected antibiotic use?
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GE has produced bacteria that increase the quantity and rate of antibiotics produced
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What has GE done for hormones? What hormones are produced through GE
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Bacterial cells produce insulin, animals do not need to die and infection/rejection reduced.
Human growth hormone, cortisone and sex hormones |
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What are GE enzmes used for?
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Food industry - produce amylases to break down starch during beer production
Lipases to improve flavour of CHEESE |
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What are 5 examples of genetically modified plants?
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Tomatoes - Prevent softening by adding another softening gene
Herbicide-resistant crops Disease-resistant crops Pest-resistant crops (maize altered to produce a toxin that kills insects but harmless to humans) Plastic producing plants |
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What is an example of a genetic modification in an animal?
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Transferring a gene from an animal that has natural resistance to one that does not. This can make things more economic and help reduce the price of food production
Fast growing animals --> more growth hormone Production of proteins for human use |
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Describe the process of anti-thrombin (Atryn) production
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Mature eggs removed from female goat and fertilised
Normal anti thrombin gene from human added to fertilised eggs ALONGSIDE gene that codes for proteins in goats' milk Implant eggs Goats with anti-thrombin crossbread to give a heard Anti-thrombin extracted from milk, purified and given to humans |
