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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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prokaryotes |
do not contain nuclei or membrane-bound organelles and are often unicellular organisms |
example: bacterial cells |
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eukaryotes |
contain nuclei and are more complex organisms |
example: animal cells |
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cell membrane |
comprised of lipids and proteins regulates movement of substances contains receptors to respond to chemical stimuli |
below the cell wall |
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nucleus |
surrounded by nuclear envelope contains chromatin wrapped around histones controls cell activities |
the ‘brain’ of the cell |
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chromatin |
linear DNA located in the nucleus packages long DNA molecules into more compact, denser structures |
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mitochondria |
oval shape with double membrane inner membrane folds to form cristae contains matrix which contains enzymes contains own DNA & ribosomes |
site of aerobic respiration to release energy (ATP) |
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Golgi apparatus |
stack of fluid filled membrane bound sacs modifies lipids and proteins and makes lysosomes |
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vesicles |
small membrane-bound, fluid filled sac stores and transports proteins and lipids around & out of the cell |
look like pineapple rings |
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lysosomes |
circular organelles with a single membrane contains lysozyme which digest pathogens, foreign materials and ‘worn organelles separated digestive enzymes from other cell parts |
has digestive proteins |
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lysozymes |
prevents bacterial infections by attacking peptidoglycan antimicrobial agent |
digests bacterial cell walls |
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centrioles |
creates microtubules during prophase these attach to centromeres on sister chromatids for anaphase |
involved in mitosis |
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80s ribosomes |
site of protein synthesis small and free in cytoplasm (not membrane-bound) attached to RER comprised of proteins and RNA |
makes proteins |
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RNA |
carries information from the genes to ribosomes in the cytoplasm |
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RER |
conjoined fluid filled membranes embedded with ribosomes cisternae fold and process polypeptides into proteins |
with ribosomes |
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cisternae |
flattened membrane disk
pack and modify proteins and polysaccharides |
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SER |
conjoined fluid-filled membranes synthesises and processes lipids and carbohydrates (cisternae) |
without ribosomes |
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cytoskeleton |
comprised of filament proteins; microtubules, actin and intermediate filaments move organelles to specific locations enables cell shape changes for movement |
provides cell support |
