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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Charlemagne (742-814)
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King of the Franks (r. 768-814); emperor (r. 800-814). Through a series of military conquests, he established the Carolingian Empire, which encompassed all of Gaul and parts of Germany and Italy. Though illiterate himself, he sponsored a brief intellectual revival.
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medieval
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Literally "middle age", a term that historians of Europe use for the period ca. 500 to ca. 1500, signifying its intermediate point between Greco-Roman antiquity and the Renaissance.
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Byzantine Empire
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Historians' name for the eastern portion of the Roman Empire from the fourth century onward, taken from "Byzantion", an early name for Constantinople, the Byzantine captial city. The empire fell to the Ottomans in 1453.
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Kievan Russia
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State established at Kiev in Ukraine ca. 879 by Scandinavian adventurers asserting authority over a mostly Slavic farming population.
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schism
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A formal split within a religious community.
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manor
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In medieval Europe, a large, self-sufficient landholding consisting of the lord's residence (manor house), outbuildings, peasant village, and surrounding land.
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serf
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In medieval Europe, an agricultural laborer legally bound to a lord's property and obligated to perform set services for the lord. In Russia, some serf's worked as artisans and in factories; serfdom was not abolished there until 1861.
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fief
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In medieval Europe, land granted in return for a sworn oath to provide specified military service.
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vassal
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In medieval Europe, a sworn supporter of a king or lord committed to rendering specified military service to that kind of lord.
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papacy
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The central administration of the Roman Catholic Church, of which the pope is the head.
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Holy Roman Empire
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Loose federation of mostly German states and principalities, headed by an emperor elected by the princes. It lasted from 962 to 1806.
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