Apush Unit 6 Part 1

Front 1

Bull Run

Back 1

On July 16, General McDowell began to move on Confederate General Beauregard at Manassas Junction. McDowell attacked Beauregard’s soldiers, with aid from the forces of Johnston and drove them to the Henry House Hill, but Jackson checked the advance and routed the raw Union troops.

Front 2

Monitor

Back 2

Union ironclad featuring a moveable turret with a single cannon.

Front 3

Merrimac

Back 3

Confederate ironclad that used a series of stationary cannon pointed in many directions. Originally a union vessel, but was rebuilt by the confederacy and rechristened the Virginia.

Front 4

George B. McClellan

Back 4

He was criticized for being over cautious in the unsuccessful Peninsular Campaign and removed from command. Called on again in 1862, he checked Lee in the Antietam Campaign, but he allowed the Confederates to withdraw across the Potomac and was again removed. He would run for president in 1864 as a peace democrat.

Front 5

William Tecumseh Sherman

Back 5

A native of Lancaster, OH, he fought in the Vicksburg and Chatanooga campaigns and he undertook the Atlanta Campaign. He burned Atlanta and set off, with a force of 60,000, on his famous march to the sea, devastating the country. After capturing Savannah, he turned north through S. Carolina, and received the surrender of General Johnston.

Front 6

Jefferson Davis

Back 6

: He left Washington after the secession of Mississippi. As president of the Confederacy, he assumed strong centralized power, and weakened the states’ rights policy for which the South had seceded. He had many disputes with Confederate generals, and Lee surrendered without his approval. He was captured by the Union army wearing women’s clothing and imprisoned.

Front 7

Alexander Stephens

Back 7

He was a U.S. congressman from Georgia and was opposed to secession but he remained loyal to Georgia when the state seceded. He was elected vice president of the Confederacy, and he was against many of the policies of President Davis. After the war he was interned for several months and then elected to Congress.

Front 8

Copperheads

Back 8

They were Northerners who sympathized with the South during the Civil War. The term was also used to label all Democratic opponents of Lincoln and the war. The group was led by Clement L. Vallandigham and was especially strong in the states of Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio.

Front 9

Suspension of Habeas Corpus

Back 9

These writs are court orders requiring that the a cause of imprisonment be demonstrated before a person is jailed. This basic civil liberty was suspended by both Lincoln and Davis during the war to deal with dissent. Lincoln used it to intimidate border states into rejecting secession.

Front 10

Homestead Act

Back 10

These were laws passed in Congress in 1862. They permitted almost any American citizen to acquire a plot of up to 160 acres of land in the West, on the condition that they cultivate the land for 5 years. This allowed poor farmers to obtain land in the west and increased westward expansion.

Front 11

Anaconda Plan

Back 11

This was a Union strategy in the Civil War calling for the establishment of a naval blockade around the Confederacy to prevent the importation of supplies from Europe. It was slowly implemented and only partially successful, but the blockade did contribute to the Northern victory.

Front 12

Emancipation Proclamation

Back 12

This was an executive order ending slavery in the Confederacy. It was issued by President Lincoln after the battle of Antietam. It only freed slaves residing in the territories in rebellion against the government of the United States. This proclamation had the dual purpose of injuring the Confederacy and preventing Great Britain from entering the war in support of the Confederacy. It also pushed the border states toward abolishing slavery.

Front 13

Election of 1864

Back 13

In order to balance Abraham Lincoln’s Union ticket with a Southern Democrat, the Republicans nominated Andrew Jackson for vice president. Lincoln was able to overcome Democratic candidate George McClellan and win a second term in office due to the success of the army and in particular, General Sherman.

Front 14

Clara Barton

Back 14

A Union nurse during the Civil War, was known as "the Angel of the Battlefield." She not only helped the war effort by nursing; she also helped the Union obtain medical supplies. After the War, she worked for the International Red Cross in the Franco-Prussian War, and organized the American Red Cross, which she headed until 1904.

Front 15

Lincoln’s ten percent plan

Back 15

In it all southerners, except high-ranking Confederate officials, could get a full pardon and restoration of rights after taking an oath, pledging loyalty to the Union and accepting the end of slavery. When ten percent of the 1860 voting population had taken this oath, citizens could vote in elections that would create new state governments and new state constitutions. After that the state would once again be eligible for representation in Congress and readmitted to the Union.

Front 16

John Wilkes Booth

Back 16

He was a Southern sympathizer during the Civil War, who plotted with six fellow-conspirators to assassinate Union leaders. On Apr. 14, 1865, he shot President Lincoln during a performance of Our American Cousin at Ford’s Theater in Washington, D.C. He escaped, but was later shot and killed.