Apush Terms For The Great Depression

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Great Depression and New Deal

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Great Depression: the decline in the american economy and population due to corrupt company policies of big business corperations and inflation as well as poor agricultural tactics
New Deal: the plan proposed by Franklin D. Roosevelt that aimed at promoting economic recovery through Federal activism.

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Great Depression

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A point in American history where the economy was at the lowest point due to a crash in the stock market and inflation of United States currency

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Black Tuesday

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Black Tuesday aka the beginning of the Great Depress referes to October 29,1929, when panicked sellers traded nearly 16 million shares on the New York Stock Exchange(four times the normal volume at the time), and the Dow Jones Industrial Average fell - 12%

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Dust Bowl

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Technically the driest region of the Plains- southeastern Colorado, southwest Kansas and the panhandles od Oaklahoma and Texas where much of the dust storms caused by the blowing of top soil in baren wastelands originated

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Gross National Product

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The Gross National Product (GNP) is the total dollar value of all final goods and services produced for consumption in society during a particular time period. Its rise or fall measures economic activity based on the labor and production output within a country. The figures used to assemble data include the manufacture of tangible goods such as cars, furniture, and bread, and the provision of services used in daily living such as education, health care, and auto repair. Intermediate services used in the production of the final product are not separated since they are reflected in the final price of the goods or service. The GNP does include allowances for depreciation and indirect business taxes such as those on sales and property.

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Herbert Hoover

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The 31st president of the united states considered an ultimate problem solver until the great depression took hold and his attempts to revive busineses im order to try to bring up the economy of the American public. He was not reelected.

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Franklin D Roosevelt

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the 32nd president of the united states. he helped the american public regain faith that things will get better in the Great Depression. Many of his plans involved federal actions in order to better the population. He is the only president to have served four terms

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20th Amendment

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1. The terms of the President and Vice President shall end at noon on the 20th day of January, and the terms of Senators and Representatives at noon on the 3d day of January, of the years in which such terms would have ended if this article had not been ratified; and the terms of their successors shall then begin.
2. The Congress shall assemble at least once in every year, and such meeting shall begin at noon on the 3d day of January, unless they shall by law appoint a different day.
3. If, at the time fixed for the beginning of the term of the President, the President elect shall have died, the Vice President elect shall become President. If a President shall not have been chosen before the time fixed for the beginning of his term, or if the President elect shall have failed to qualify, then the Vice President elect shall act as President until a President shall have qualified; and the Congress may by law provide for the case wherein neither a President elect nor a Vice President elect shall have qualified, declaring who shall then act as President, or the manner in which one who is to act shall be selected, and such person shall act accordingly until a President or Vice President shall have qualified.
4. The Congress may by law provide for the case of the death of any of the persons from whom the House of Representatives may choose a President whenever the right of choice shall have devolved upon them, and for the case of the death of any of the persons from whom the Senate may choose a Vice President whenever the right of choice shall have devolved upon them.
5. Sections 1 and 2 shall take effect on the 15th day of October following the ratification of this article.
6. This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several States within seven years from the date of its submission.

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New Deal

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The domestic program of the administration of U.S President Franklin D Roosevelt between 1933 and 1939, which took action to bring about immediate economic relief as well as reforms in industry, agriculture, finance, waterpower, labour, and housing, vastly increasing the scope of the federal government’s activities.

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Frances Perkins

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Frances Perkins was secretary of labor for the 12 years of Franklin D. Roosevelt's presidency and the first woman to hold a Cabinet post. She brought to her office a deep commitment to improving the lives of workers and creating a legitimate role for labor unions in American society, succeeding admirably on both counts

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Fireside Chats

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The "fireside chats" were messages to the American people that President Franklin D. Roosevelt broadcast on the radio. He began making the informal addresses on March 12, 1933, during the Great Depression. Sometimes beginning his talks with "My friends," Roosevelt urged listeners to have faith in the banks and to support his New Deal measures.

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FDIC

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An independent agency of the federal government, the FDIC was created in 1933 in response to the thousands of bank failures that occurred in the 1920s and early 1930s. Since the start of FDIC insurance on January 1, 1934, no depositor has lost a single cent of insured funds as a result of a failure.

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Public Works Administration

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The Public Works Administration (PWA) was a New Deal agency in the United States headed by Secretary of the Interior Harold L. Ickes. It was created by the National Industrial Recovery Act in June 1933 in response to the Great Depression.

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Civilian Conservation Corps

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The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) was a public work relief program for unemployed men, providing vocational training through the performance of useful work related to conservation and development of natural resources in the United States from 1933 to 1942.

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Schechter v. U.S

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In the midst of the Great Depression, President Franklin D. Roosevelt worked with the Democratic Congress to enact several sweeping economic reform bills known as the New Deal. In 1935, in A.L.A Schechter Poultry Corperation vs. United States, the Supreme Court Declared unconstitutional a central piece of this New Deal legislation. In reviewing the conviction of a poultry company for breaking the Live Poultry Code, the Court held that the code violated the Constitutions separation of powers because it was written by agents of the president with no genuine congressional direction. The Court held that much of the code exceeded the powers of Congress because the activities it policed were beyond what Congress could constitutionally regulate.

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Securities Exchange Commission

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The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (frequently abbreviated SEC) is an independent agency which holds primary responsibility for enforcing the federal securities laws and regulating the securities industry, the nation's stock and options exchanges, and other electronic securities markets.

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Second New Deal

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The Second New Deal was President Franklin D. Roosevelts new proposal that had an emphasis on social security, the national labor relations act, and the works progress administration

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Works Progress Administration

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The Works Progress Administration (WPA) was a relief measure established in 1935 by executive order as the Works Progress Administration, and was redesigned in 1939 when it was transferred to the Federal Works Agency.

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Wagner Act 1935

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The National Labor Relations Act (or Wagner Act) is a 1935 United States federal law that protects the rights of most workers in the private sector to organize labor unions, to engage in collective bargaining, and to take part in strikes and other forms of concerted activity in support of their demands. The Act does not, on the other hand, cover those workers who are covered by the Railway Labor Act, agricultural employees, domestic employees, supervisors, independent contractors and some close relatives of individual employers.

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Social Security Act 1935

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An act to provide for the general welfare by establishing a system of Federal old-age benefits, and by enabling the several States to make more adequate provision for aged persons, blind persons, dependent and crippled children, maternal and child welfare, public health, and the administration of their unemployment compensation laws; to establish a Social Security Board; to raise revenue; and for other purposes

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Huey Long

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A member of the Democratic party that supported S.J. Harper in his compaign against limited employes liability. A well known public speaker on September 8th he was shot multiple times and wounded. He died September 10th

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John L. Lewis

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John L. Lewis was a powerful labor leader, who through the Congress of Industrial Organizations(CIO), helped rais living standards for millions of families in the 1930s. He was also a giant among American leaders in the first half of the twenteeith century, regularly advising Presidents and challenging Americas corperate leaders.