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44 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Aztec Empire |
Certain ethnic groups of central mexico, particularly those groups who spoke the nahuatl language and dominated large parts of mesoamerica from 14th to 1yth centuries |
It's an empire |
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Hernan Cortes |
Spanish Conquistador 1st marquis of the valley of Qaxaca was a spanish conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of the aztec empire and brought large portions of mainland Born 1485, Medellin,Spain Died Dec 2 1547 |
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Pueblo |
A communal structure for multiple dwelling and defensive purposes of certain agricultural indians of the southwestern U.S built of adobe or stone typically many storied and terraced the structures were often placed against different walls with entry through the roof by ladder |
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Chinook |
A member of an american indian people originally inhabiting the region around the lower columbia river in oregon and washington |
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3 Sisters farming |
Are the three main agricultural crops of various native american groups in North America: Winter squash, maize corn, and climbing beans typically teary beans or common beans |
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Iroquios |
A member of former confederate of North American Indian people's originally compromising the Cayuga, Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga and Seneca Peoples known as the five nations and later including also the tuscara thus forming the six nations |
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Algonquian |
Denoting, belonging to or relating to a family of North American Indian languages formerly spoken across a vast area from the atlantic seaboard to the great lakes |
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Smallpox |
Many Native Americans died from exposure to this when the European initially came to North America in the 1500s |
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Mestizo |
Term used to refer to Latin people of mixed European and American Indian ancestry in the Americas |
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Zambo |
A term use in Spanish and Portuguese colonists to describe someone of African or American Indian ancestry |
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Encomienda System |
Spanish system to regulate and control native Americans. The Spanish crown granted Spanish colonists a specific number of nature's for whom they were to take responsibility |
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Colombian exchange |
The exchange of people, plants and animals BTW Europe, Africa, and North America that occurred after Columbus's arrival in the Western hemisphere. |
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Indentured Servants |
A poor person obligated to a fixed term of unpaid labor, often in exchange for a benefit such as transportation, protection or training |
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Joint stock companies |
Businesses owned by shareholders that invested in exploration and colonization |
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Juan de Sepulveda |
Has an awful view on the indians, belittles them a Spaniard who studied in cradle or renaissance became theologian, philosopher, historian and astromoner |
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Bartholome de las casas |
Has much better view on indians than Sepulveda. He was a Dominican friar sailed with one of first Spanish expeditions to west Indies in 1502, recognized as protected of the indians |
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Spanish mission system |
Established by Franciscan monks in the Spanish southwest and California that forced indians to convert to Catholism and work as agricultural laborers |
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Juan de Onate |
Led a dust-begrimed expeditionary column with eighty three rumbling wagons and hundreds of men. They traversed the bare Sonora desert from Mexico into the Rio Grande valley in 1598. The Spaniards cruelly abused the pueblos people they encountered |
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Beaver wars |
Series of conflicts between tribes in which the iroquios fought desperately to maintain a dominant position in the fur trade but the French fought back for 20 yrs. Diplomacy was used after that btw the English, French and Indian |
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Chickasaw wars |
Conflict btw French and English over fur trade; Chickasaw sided with English while Choctaw sided with French eventually resolved with treaty of paris |
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Molasses Act |
1733, imposed tax on molasses sugar and rum imported to american colonies from non British foreign colonies |
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Catawba Nation |
A group of the remains of several different Indian tribes that joined together in the late 1700s. This was in the southern piedmont region. Forced migration made the Indians join in this group |
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Metacom(King Phillips War) |
1675-1676 indians unite at final chance to beat British war ended in failure for indians Metacom was beheaded and drawn Nd quartered his son and wife and sold them into slavery. Never was a serious threat in New England again |
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Praying towns |
Term for New England settlements whet indians from various tribes were gathered to be christianized |
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New Netherlands |
The colony established in 1620s for its quick profit fur trade but which was never more than the secondary interest to its founders |
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Jamestown |
In the Virginia colony was founded on May 14th, 1607. It is commonly regarded as the first permanent English settlement in what is now the United States, following several earlier failed attempts. It was founded by Capt. John Smith. It became the first capital of the colony for 92 years until 1699, when it was relocated to williamsburg |
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John Rolfe |
One of the early English settlers of North America. He is credited with the first successful cultivation of tobacco as an export crop in the colony of Virginia and is known as the husband of Pocahontas, daughter of the chief of the powhatan confederacy |
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Middle Passage |
Part of the triangle trade. Africans were transported to the Americas,where they were traded for sugar and tabacco |
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Stono Rebellion |
The most serious slave rebellion in the colonial period which occurred in 1739 in South Carolina. 100 African Americans rose up, got weapons and killed several whites Then tried to escape to South Florida. The uprising was crushed and the participants executed. The main form of rebellion was running away though there was no where to go |
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Plymouth Bay Colony |
A colony founded by the Puritans. This colony opened up the idea of theocracy (Power was only granted to the Believers of Puritanism) It was also an attempt for all alleviation of religious persecution |
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Bacons Rebellion |
Rebellion by Him and vigilantes against the colonial government this unsuccessful rebellion however did lead to New lands being opened up to colonists and a increased level of cooperation on the part of wealthy planters with the small farmers |
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Roger Williams |
Protege of Sir Edward Coke (Law) but abandoned law when he discovered Puritanism. He founded Rhode Island with a grant of land from the king, which became a safe haven for people who were persecuted BC of religion Jews/Quakers |
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Anne Hutchinson |
Immigrant to Massachusetts Bay colony in 1634, she was a woman who was very intelligent and pondered theological matters. She was convicted of Antimomian heresy and banished, she opened the way for dissenters of the new England with Roger williams |
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Maryland Toleration Act |
Religious toleration for those who believed in Jesus but supported death for those who defied the trinity. This law led to a brief civil war of the protestants against itself |
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William Penn and founding of Pennsylvania |
A devout Quaker who was given lands of Pennsylvania, Delaware, and New Jersey, his aims were to provide a haven for Quakers(The Holy Experiment) and create a profit. He would pave the way for early urban planning |
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Navigation Acts |
Passed under the mercantilist system, this (1651-1673) regulated trade in order to benefit the British economy The acts restricted trade btw England and its colonies or colonial ships required certain colonial goods to pass thru England before export, provided subsidies for the production of certain raw goods in the colonies and banned colonial completion in large scale manufacturing |
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Mercantilism |
This was a theory of trade stressing that a nations economic strength depended on exporting more than it imported. British mercantilism manifested itself in triangular trade and in laws passed between the mid 1700s, such as the navigation acts aimed at fostering British economic dominance
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Salutary Neglect |
Throughout the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, the English government did not enforce those trade laws that honored the colonial economy. The purpose of this was to ensure the loyalty of the colonists in the face of the French territorial and commercial threat in North America. The English ceased practicing this following British victory in the French and Indian war |
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Great Awakening |
This was a time of religious fever during 1730s and 1740s. The rise of skepticisms and the warning of religious faith brought by the enlightenment |
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Jonathan Edwards |
He was an american theologian and congregational clergyman, whose sermons stirred the religious revival called the great awakening. He is known for his "sinners in the hands of an angry god"sermon |
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George Whitfield |
He was a great preacher who had recently been an ale house attendant. Everyone in the colonies loved to hear him preach of love and forgiveness led to missionary work in the Americas converting indians and Africans to christianity |
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Quakers |
Society of friends, a radical protestant sect wanted to restore the simplicity and spiritually of early Christianity. Pennsylvania was a refuge for them |
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Deism |
Rejected original sin of man, believed in a supreme being that had created A knowable universe and endowed human beings with a capacity for moral behavior. Denied christs divinity |
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Enlightenment |
18th century European philosophical movement that advocated the use of reason and rationality to establish a system of ethic and knowledge provided frame work for both Americans and French revolution and rise of capitalism. Thinkers for education and thinkers against tradition, war, religion, based on faith not reason |
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