Apush Terms 1-50

Front 1

Mayflower Compact

Back 1

The first agreement for self-government in America. Signed by the men on the Mayflower. Set up a government for the Plymouth colony

Front 2

William Bradford

Back 2

Pilgrim.
Second Governor of Plymouth Colony.
Developed private land ownership.
Helped colonists get out of debt.

Front 3

Pilgrims and Puritans Contrasted

Back 3

Pilgrims = Separatists
Pilgrims believed the Church of England couldnt be reformed.
Pilgrims settled in Plymouth.
Puritans = non-Separatists
Puritans wished to adopt reforms to purify the Church of England.
Puritans settled in Massacusetts Bay

Front 4

Massachusetts Bay Colony

Back 4

Colony Puritans settled in.
Colony established political freedom and a representative government.

Front 5

Puritan Migration

Back 5

When Puritans migrated from England to America in 1630-1640s.
Population of Massachusetts Bay Colony grew to 10x its earlier population

Front 6

Church of England
(Anglican Church)

Back 6

National church of England.
Founded by King Henry 8th.
Included both Roman Catholic and Protestant ideas.

Front 7

John Winthrop

Back 7

First governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony.
Puritan with strong beliefs.
Believed colony was best governed by a small group of leaders.
Helped organize the New England Confederation and served as its first president.

Front 8

Separatists/Non-Separatists

Back 8

Separatists believed the Church of England could not be reformed.
Non-Separatists believed the church could be purified.

Front 9

Calvinism

Back 9

Protestant sect founded by John Calvin.
Emphasized strong moral code and believed in predestination.

Front 10

Congregational Church (Cambridge Platform)

Back 10

Founded by Separatists who felt that the Church of England retained too many Roman Catholic beliefs/practices.
Pilgrims were members of Congregational Church

Front 11

Anne Hutchinson

Back 11

Thought God communicated directly with individuals rather than through church elders.
Her followers founded New Hampshire.

Front 12

Roger Williams (Rhode Island)

Back 12

Founded Rhode Island.
Rhode Island was the only colony at the time to offer religious freedom

Front 13

Contrast Puritan colonies with others

Back 13

Puritan colonies were self-governed.
Only members of the congregation and were full church members could vote/hold public office.
Other colonies had different styles of gov. and different beliefs.

Front 14

Covenant Theology

Back 14

Puritan Teachings emphasized the biblical covenants.

Front 15

Voting grated to church members

Back 15

Massachusetts general court passed an act to limit voting rights to church members (1631)

Front 16

Half-Way Covenant

Back 16

Applied to those members of the Puritan colonies who were the children of church members, but who hadn't achieved grace themselves.
Covenant allowed them to participate in church affairs.

Front 17

Brattle Street Church

Back 17

Founded by Thomas Brattle.
Didnt require people to prove they achieved grace in order to become full church members.

Front 18

Thomas Hooker

Back 18

One of the founders of Hartford.
"The Father of American Democracy"
Believed people have a right to choose their magistrates.

Front 19

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

Back 19

Set up a unified government for the towns of the Connecticut area.
First constitution written in America.

Front 20

Massachusetts School Law

Back 20

First public education legislation in America

Front 21

Anne Hutchinson

Back 21

Thought God communicated directly with individuals rather than through church elders.
Her followers founded New Hampshire.

Front 22

Roger Williams (Rhode Island)

Back 22

Founded Rhode Island.
Rhode Island was the only colony at the time to offer religious freedom

Front 23

Contrast Puritan colonies with others

Back 23

Puritan colonies were self-governed.
Only members of the congregation and were full church members could vote/hold public office.
Other colonies had different styles of gov. and different beliefs.

Front 24

Covenant Theology

Back 24

Puritan Teachings emphasized the biblical covenants.

Front 25

Voting grated to church members

Back 25

Massachusetts general court passed an act to limit voting rights to church members (1631)

Front 26

Half-Way Covenant

Back 26

Applied to those members of the Puritan colonies who were the children of church members, but who hadn't achieved grace themselves.
Covenant allowed them to participate in church affairs.

Front 27

Brattle Street Church

Back 27

Founded by Thomas Brattle.
Didnt require people to prove they achieved grace in order to become full church members.

Front 28

Thomas Hooker

Back 28

One of the founders of Hartford.
"The Father of American Democracy"
Believed people have a right to choose their magistrates.

Front 29

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

Back 29

Set up a unified government for the towns of the Connecticut area.
First constitution written in America.

Front 30

Massachusetts School Law

Back 30

First public education legislation in America

Front 31

Harvard Founded

Back 31

1636
Founded by a grant form the Massachusetts general court. Followed Puritan
beliefs.

Front 32

New England Confederation

Back 32

Formed to provide for the defense of the four New England colonies, and also
acted as a court in disputes between colonies.

Front 33

King Philip's War

Back 33

1675 - A series of battles in New Hampshire between the colonists and the
Wompanowogs, led by a chief known as King Philip. The war was started when the
Massachusetts government tried to assert court jurisdiction over the local Indians. The
colonists won with the help of the Mohawks, and this victory opened up additional
Indian lands for expansion.

Front 34

Dominion of New England

Back 34

1686 - The British government combined the colonies of Massachusetts, Rhode Island,
New Hampshire, and Connecticut into a single province headed by a royal governor
(Andros).

Front 35

Joint Stock Company

Back 35

A company made up of a group of shareholders.

Front 36

Virginia:
purpose, problems, failures, successes

Back 36

Formed by the Virginia Company as a profit earning venture.
Starvation was a major problem.
Virginia Company went bankrupt and the colony went to the crown.
Virginia didnt become successful until the discovery of tobacco.

Front 37

Headright System

Back 37

Headrights were parcels of land consisting of about 50 acres which were given to
colonists who brought indentured servants into America. They were used by the Virginia
Company to attract more colonists.

Front 38

John Smith

Back 38

Helped found and govern Jamestown.

Front 39

John Rolfe/tobacco

Back 39

He was one of the English settlers at Jamestown (and he married Pocahontas). He
discovered how to successfully grow tobacco in Virginia and cure it for export.

Front 40

Slavery Begins

Back 40

1619
First African Slaves arrive in the Virginia Colony

Front 41

House of Burgesses

Back 41

1619
Virginia house of burgesses formed.
first legislative body in colonial America.

Front 42

Cavaliers

Back 42

Troops loyal to Charles II in the English Civil War.
Opponents were Roundheads, loyal to Oliver Cromwell/Parliament.

Front 43

Georgia:
reasons, successes

Back 43

1733
Military style colony.
Served as haven for the poor, criminals, persecuted Protestants

Front 44

James Oglethorpe

Back 44

Founder and governor of Georgia colony.
Slaves, alchohol, Catholicism were forbidden in his colony.
Colonist dissatisfaction caused the colony to break down and Oglethorpe to lose his position as governor.

Front 45

Carolinas

Back 45

1665
Southern region grew rich because of the sugar.
Northern region was poor because it only had farmers.
Colony was eventually split.

Front 46

John Locke/Fundamental Constitution

Back 46

Wrote the Fundamental Constitution for the Carolinas.
It was never put into effect.
Constitution wouldve set up a government headed by aristocracy which owned most of the land.

Front 47

Charleston

Back 47

1690
First permanent settlement of the Carolinas.
Most of the population were Huguenot

Front 48

Staple Crops in the South

Back 48

Tobacco, Rice, Indigo

Front 49

Pennsylvania/William Penn

Back 49

1681
Haven for Quakers.
Allowed religious freedom.
Allowed anyone to emigrate to Pennsylvania.

Front 50

Holy Experiment

Back 50

William Penn's term for the government of Pennsylvania, which was supposed to serve everyone/provide freedom for all.

Front 51

Frame of Government

Back 51

1701
Charter of Liberties set up the government of the Pennsylvania colony.
Established representative government and allowed counties to form their own colonies.

Front 52

New York; Dutch, 1664 English

Back 52

Belonged to Dutch, but because the land was given to the Duke of York in 1664, the English got it.

Front 53

Patron System

Back 53

Patronships were offered to individuals who managed to build a settlement for at least 50 people within 4 years.

Front 54

Peter Stuyvesant

Back 54

Governor of the Dutch colony of New Amsterdam.
Hated by colonists.
Surrendered the colony to the English in 1664.