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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Corrupt Bargain
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1825 Clay supported John Q Adams in House presidential vote in return for office of Sec of State
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Tariff of Abominations
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(Tariff of 1828)raised tariff on imported manufactured goods. protected North but harmed South
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Election of 1824
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popular vote, electoral vote, house vote: Jackson, Adams, Crawford, Clay
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Kitchen Cabinet
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small group of Jackson's friends & advisors - were influential in 1st years of his presidency
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South Carolina Exposition and protest - reaction to tariff of 1832
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VP Calhoun published essay South Carolina Exposition -proposed each state has right to nullify an unconstitutional act of Congress
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Worchester v. Georgia
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1832 -Sup Crt decided Georgia had no jurisdiction over Cherokee reservations - jackson opposed this ruling
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Cherokee Nation v. Georgia
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1831 - Indians weren't independent nations but dependent domestic nations which could be regulated by the fed gov.
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Whigs
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were conservatives & popular with pro-Bank people and plantation owners (Henry Clay, Daniel Webster)
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Force Bill
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authorized Prez Jackson to use army & navy to collect duties on the Tariffs of 1828 and 1832
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Compromise Tariff of 1833
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by Henry clay-gradually reduced the rates levied under the Tariffs of 1828 and 1832
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Caucus System
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were elected by small, secretive party groups & the public had little say in the process (king caucus)
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Trail of tears
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Cherokee tribe evicted from homes and forced to march on trail to Oklahoma Indian country
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Nicholas Biddle
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a second bank was established in 1816 & he became the bank's prez
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Specie Circular
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by Jackson 1836 requiring purchase of public lands w/ hard $ - panic of 1837 followed
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Martin Van Buren
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Democ-Repub Senator rallied factory workers of North in support of Jackson. became Jackson's VP after Calhoun resigned
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Henry Clay
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"the american system"high tarrif on imports to finance extensive internal improvement package
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Commonwealth v. Hunt
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1842 recognized that the conspiracy law is inapplicable to unions &that strikes for a closed shop are legal
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pet banks
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jackson removed gov's deposits fr biddle's vaults and distributed them to various state and local banks
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Joseph Smith
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Founded Mormonism in New York in 1830-announcement that God sanctioned polygamy split the Mormons
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Brigham Young
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1847 led Mormons to the Great Salt Lake Valley in Utah, where they founded the Mormon republic of Deseret
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Elizabeth Cady Stanton
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pioneer in women's suffrage movement, organized 1st women's rights convention in Seneca Falls, NY 1848
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American Temperance Union
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flagship of the temperance movement in the 1800's. Opposed alcohol
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Dorothea Dix
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reformer and pioneer in movement to treat the insane as mentally ill, beginning in the 1820's
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Lucretia Mott
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early feminist,for liberal causes, particularly slavery abolition and women's suffrage-helped 1st covention
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Seneca Falls
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July, 1848 - Site of the first modern women's right convention. Declaration of Sentiment listing discriminations against women
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Cyrus McCormick
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mechanical reaper in 1831, and made farming more efficient
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John J. Audubon
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"birds of America"
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Sojourner Truth
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one of the best-known abolitionists of her day. was first black woman orator to speak out against slavery
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Frederick Douglass
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self-educated slave-escaped 1838, became best-known abolitionist speaker. edited anti-slav. weekly, North Star
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Denmark Vesey
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mulatto who inspired group of slaves to seize Charleston 1822, but one betrayed him & he &followers hanged before the revolt
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Nat Turner
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1831 slave uprising in Virginia-result=slave states strengthened measures against slaves
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William Lloyd Garrison
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A militant abolitionist, he came editor of the Boston publication, The Liberator, in 1831
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Elijah Lovejoy
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abolitionist & editor. press he used was attacked four times & he was killed defending it.
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Gabriel Prosser
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planned slave revolt in Virginia-organized 1000 slaves but roads = flooded & they were caught & hanged
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John C. Calhoun
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resigned as Jackson's vp, SC senator-said North shuld grant South's demands & keep quiet about slavery to keep peace. spokesman for South & states' rights.
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John C. Fremont
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Civil governor of California, led the Army exploration to help general Kearny in Mex. amer war
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Aroostook War
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Maine lumberjacks camped along Aroostook River in Maine 1839-tried to oust Canadian rivals. Militia called in from both sides until Webster Ashburn - Treaty was signed
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Manifest Destiny
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Phrase commonly used in 1840's-1850's. expressed inevitableness of continued expansion of the U.S.
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Election of 1844
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James K. Polk - Democrat. (winner) Henry Clay - Whig. James G. Birney - Liberty Party.
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Election 1844: Liberty Party
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The first abolitionist party - believed in ending slavery.
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James K. Polk
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President known for promoting Manifest Destiny.
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Slidell mission
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1845, John Slidell went to Mexico to pay for disputed Texas and California land. But the Mexican government refused
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Rio Grande, Nueces River
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Texas claimed s. border =Rio Grande; Mexico wanted border at Nueces River- US & Mex agreed not to send troops into disputed territory but polk later did
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Carolina and Creole Incidents
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Carolina=US ship Canada burned & Creole=ship where slaves mutinied&killed crewman who the British let free - angered US
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Oregon Treaty 1812
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territory comprised what arenow the states of Oregon and Washington-treaty made joint occupation w/ brit&US
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Wilmot Proviso
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David Wilmot proposed to outlaw slavery from the territory acquired from Mex.
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Nicholas Trist
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Sent as a special envoy by Polk to Mexico City in 1847 to negotiate end to Mex War-treatyofguadalupe hidalgo
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Spot Resolutions
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Congressman Abraham Lincoln supported proposition to find exact spot where Amer troops were fired upon
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Hinton R. Helper
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"The Impending Crisis in the south" - slavery is actually economically harmful to the south
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Stephen A. Douglas
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moderate, who introduced the Kansas-Nebraska Act in 1854 and popularized the idea of popular sovereignty.
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36-30 line
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According to Missouri Compromise (1820), slavery= forbidden in Louisiana terr. north of 36º30 N latitude. was nullified by Kansas-Nebraska Act.
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Election of 1856
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Demo-James Buchanan (won). Repub - John Fremont. Know- Nothing Party & Whig - Millard Fillmore. 1st election Repub Party. Know- Nothings opposed immigration and Catholic influence
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"Bleeding Kansas"
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Following passage of Kansas-Nebraska Act, pro-slavery forces fr Missouri Border Ruffians, crossed into Kansas & terrorized murdered antislavery settlers
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Pottawatomie Massacre
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John Brown let a part of six in Kansas that killed 5 pro-slavery men
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New England Emigrant Aid Company
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Promoted anti-slavery migration to Kansas
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John Brown
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seized arsenal at Harper's Ferry. planned to end slavery by massacring slave owners & freeing slaves. was captured & executed.
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Dred Scott Decision
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Sup Crt decided Dred Scott couldn't sue in fed court because he was property, not a citizen
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Lincoln-Douglas debates of 1858
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argued important issues like pop sovereignty, Lecompton Constitution & Dred Scott-Douglas won but Lincoln=gained esteem
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Freeport Doctrine
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Stephen Douglas said Congress couldn't force a territory to become a slave state against its will
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Election of 1860
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Repub - Abraham Lincoln (won) Democ - Stephan A. Douglas, John C. Breckenridge. Constitutional Union - John Bell
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Republican Party
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free soil principles, a protective tariff. Supporters: anti-slavers, business, agriculture.
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Crittenden Compromise
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by john j. crittenden-would prohibit fed. medlling w/ slavery in existing states, extension of 36-30&protection of slave states
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Border states
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Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky and Missouri. were slave states, but did not secede.
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Franklin Pierce
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dark horse democ candidate winner of election of 1852- ostend manifesto&gadsend purchase
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Free soil party
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sough to keep new western territories free from slavery
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Ostend Manifesto
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Pierce wanted to seize Cuba from Spain
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Gadsend purchase
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Pierce purchased strip of land at tip of New Mex. - provide route for trans-continental rr
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Zachary Tyalor
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whig president of 1848 - during CA's gold rush & Texas issue
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Compromise 1850
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Henry Clay - CA wuld be admitted as free state & Texas wuld be open to pop sovereignty + tougher fugitive slave law
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Kansas Nebraska Act
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1854 by Stephen A Douglous-repeal Missouri Compromise & leave Kansas & Nebraska open for pop. sovereignty
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