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61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Three sisters farming
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squash, corn, beans to save on water
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Black legend
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saying that the Spanish brought nothing but disease and destruction to Latin America
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Christopher Columbus
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explored the Hispaniola for Spain w. funding from Queen Isabella & Ferdinand II
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Slave codes
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laws applying to slaves
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Yeoman
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farmer
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Squatter
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CAROLINAS. VIRGINIANS that LEFT to the CAROLINAS to plant tobacco; they were poor farmers w/o slaves, and NO LEGAL RIGHT to the land (what they were doing was illegal)
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Primogeniture
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1st son inherits it all
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Barbados Slave Code
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one of the harshest slave codes of them all
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Virginia Company (of London)
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got permission from JAMES I to find gold in new world
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Joint-stock company
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company w/ 2+ ppl who pool together their money to work towards one goal and split up their profits; goal was to make quick money
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Lord de la Warr
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founded Delaware; impsed a strict militant rule on colonists; took an ANTI-INDIAN stance
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Mound Builders
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lived in big settlements after adapting to corn; mysteriously went into decline in 1300
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Treaty of Todesillas
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Treaty btw. SPAIN & PORTUGAL dividing the “heathen lands” of the New World; a larger share was given to Spain, but Portugal received land in Asia & Africa in exchange. The New World was only valuable for its gold from the Indians in Peru & Mexico
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Fracisco Coronado
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SPAINISH conquistador; went to find hte "golden cities"--discovered Grand Canyon, pueblos; explored Arizona & New Mex.
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Hernando de Soto
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explored Cuba to FL; crossed the Mississippi River inwards toward land to find gold w/ his men; he brutally killed Native Americans on the way
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Hernan Cortes
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Conquered the Aztecs
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Mestizos
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ppl of mixed blood created by cross-breeding (Native Americans & Latinos)
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Pope's Rebellion
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Santa Fe, 1680. Pueblo Indians rebelled against missionaries to revive their native culture
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Sir Walter Reigh
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org. colonists that landed on N. Carolina's ROANOKE ISLAND; the settlement failed, and the wilderness swallowed it back up
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"Enclosure"
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1550, England. Not enough land to go around; land lords forced tennants off, and they became wanderers and peddlers in London; CAUSED AN ECONOMIC DEPRESSION
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John Smith
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took over JAMESTOWN to restore order
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1st Anglo-Powhatan War
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1609-1610 (1 yr). btw. settlers and Powhatans; ended w/ Pocahantas & Rolfe's marriage
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2nd Anglo-Powhatan War
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Powhatans lost; last spurge to try to remove colonists; 1646--the Powhatans were removed from their lands for loosing the war
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House of Burgesses
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VIRGINIA. assembly that allows for the settlers to make descisions
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Act of Toleration
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MARYLAND, 1649. Allowed for religious toleration for CHRISTIANS
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Oliver Cromwell
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ENGLAND 1649. LED parliament to overthrow Charles I, throwing England into a civil war that INTERRUPTED COLONIZATION for 10 yrs until Charles II was put on the crown.
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RESTORATION
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ENGLAND 1660. Charles II has been restored to the crown after Cromwell killed Charles I & tried to take over; COLONIZATION RESUMED, now with royal interest
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Lords Proprietors
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ENGLAND, 1670. Created the CAROLINAS to provide non-English products to England and food for the British Barbados (that only grew sugar, but no food to sustain themselves) for ANTI-SLAVERY
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James Oglethorpe
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GEORGIA. PRISON REFORM.
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Why were the CAROLINAS created?
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to feed Barbados (the Barbados grew sugar, but no food to feed themselves)
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Why was Georgia Created?
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as a buffer btw. the English Carolinas and Spanish Florida
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Handsome Lake
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IROQOUIS, 1799. Prophet that revived the morale of his people b/c the Iroqouis spirt was crushed after loosing against white settlers and being forced onto reservations; made elders remember their culture
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CALVINSIM
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from "Institutes of the Christian Religion" (1536) GOD=ALL POWERFUL; HUMANS=WEEK & SINNERS
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the "ELECT"
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ppl who were already chosen to spend eternity in Hell or Heaven; NO CHANGING FATE
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"VISIBLE SAINTS"
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since no one knew if they were the "ELECT" that would spend forever in heaven/hell, they proved that they WERE the ELECT few. ONLY THE VISIBLE SAINTS WERE GIVEN CHURCH MEMERSHIP.
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Mayflower Compact
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New England, 1620. Agreement amoungst MA (Plymouth) colonists to obey laws set by the majority. NOT A CONSTITUTION
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William Bradford
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Plymouth, MA. PRO-PURITIAN; worried that non-puritans would corrupt his Puritian settlers
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Archbishop William Laud
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snorted @ Non-Seperatists' claim that they only wanted to seperate from the Church of England's impurities, but not cut off from the Church altogether
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NON-SEPERATISTS
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did NOT want to seperate from the church of England COMPLETELY, but only from certain "impurities"
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GREAT (PURITIAN) MIGRATION
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ENGLAND 1630s. English left England to settle in New World colonies (**including the West Indies)
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John Winthrop
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GOV of MA. Believed that MA was the CITY ON TOP OF A HILL: an example for all mankind
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Massachusets
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NOT A DEMOCRACY!! **John Winthrop (gov) thought it was the "meanest & worst" sort of gov.
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COVENANT
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Agreement w/ God to build a holy society
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FREEMEN
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adult MALES who were PURITIAN
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BIBLE COMMONWEALTH
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controlled church admission; heavily questioned covert's epiphany
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ANTINOMINISM
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belief that one does not need to obey others but themselves
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Roger Williams
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MA, 1635. Banished from MA for his radical, new & "dangerous opinions". CREATED RHODE ISLAND which had COMPLETE RELIGIOUS TOLERATION
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Rev. Thomas Hooker
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1653. Led PURITIANS from BOSTON TO CONNECTICUT
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King Phillip
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NEW ENGLAND, 1675. INDIAN LEADER that formed a pan-indian alliance to crush settlers. in the end failed.
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NEW ENGLAND CONFEDERATION
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NEW ENGLAND, 1643. PURPOSE: UNITE & DEFEND AGAINST FOES (indians), RESOLVE INTER-COLONIAL PROBLEMS (run away slaves). ONLY OPEN TO PURITIAN COLONIES (MA, CONN.)
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NEW ENGLAND DOMINION
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UNLIKE the N.England Confederation, this was imposed from London.
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Navigation Laws
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PURPOSE: bind colonies to England; colonies = ONLY TRADE W. England.
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Sir Edmund Andros
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HEAD OF THE NEW ENGLAND DOMINION. Restricted town-meetings, taxed ppl w/o representation, restricted courts, schools, press. COLLAPSE: GLORIOUS REV. (1688-89)
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GLOURIOUS REVOLUTION (bloodless rev.)
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ENGLAND, 1688-89. REMOVED CHARLES II; CROWNED WILLIAM & MARY; caused the Dominion of N.England to collapse
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Henry Hudson
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1609. English explorer for the NETHERLANDS. GOAL: find trans-atlantic shortcut to asia
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PATROONSHIP
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Large estates on the Hudson River granted to promoters who had 50+ppl on them; GOAL: POPULATE HUDSON RIVER
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Peter Stuyvesant
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Delaware, 1655. DUTCH MILITARY LEADER; forced Sweedes out of Delaware; later on, the Dutch were forced off by the English
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what is NEW NETHERLAND
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Today's New York. Given to DUKE OF YORK from CHARLES II
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QUAKERS (religious society of friends)
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CREATED PENN. LEFT ENGLAND IN 1650s b/c they did not support draft/war; they created their own meetinghouses & were persecuted in England.
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William Penn
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CREATED PENN. WANTED FREEDOM OF RELIGION & INDIAN FRIENDLY policies; but the crown forced him to bar non-christians from voting/office & Quakers forced him to turn his policies anit-indian.
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PENN. Who created it?
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William Penn. PRO-INDIAN originally, but turned ANTI-INDIAN from Quaker settlers' insistance.
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