Apush Lecture 10: Populist & Progressive Movements

Front 1

Populist Platform (5)

Back 1

farmers of 1890's
Platform:
1) Free unlimited coinage of silver at 16 to 1 ratio
2) Govt ownership of telephone, telegraph, RR
3) Direct election of senate
4) 1 term presidency
5) Initiative & referendum

Front 2

Greenback Labor Movement

Back 2

Farmers in debt want to print more $ to cause inflation to make debts easier to pay off

Front 3

The Grange

Back 3

Started by Oliver Kelley
unite midwestern & southern farmers

Front 4

Oliver Kelley

Back 4

Started the Grange: Coalition of midwestern & southern farmers

Front 5

Wabash Case

Back 5

Supr Ct said states do not have power to control interstate commerce

Front 6

Interstate Commerce Act

Back 6

Rebates/pools prohibited
RRs must publish rates openly
Set up Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC)

Front 7

Farmers' Alliance

Back 7

Founded in TX
Like the Grange (wanted to break monopolies through cooperative buying and selling)

Front 8

16th Amendment

Back 8

Graduated income tax

Front 9

17th Amendment

Back 9

Direct election of Senators

Front 10

James B. Weaver

Back 10

Populist Presidential Candidate in 1892

Front 11

Bland-Allison Law of 1878

Back 11

Silver purchase program where govt would buy limited amt of silver to back the dollar

Front 12

Sherman Silver Purchase

Back 12

Govt bought 4.5 mil oz and pay for it in $ redeemable on either silver or gold

Front 13

McKinley Tariff Bill of 1890

Back 13

Boosted rates to HIGHEST peacetime level 48.4% on dutiable goods

Front 14

William Jennings Bryan

Back 14

Wanted more silver to back the $
Cross of Gold speech: persecute farmers on cross of gold by backing dollar only with gold

Front 15

Cross of Gold speech

Back 15

William Jennings Bryan

persecute farmers on cross of gold by backing dollar only with gold

Front 16

De Facto Segregation

Back 16

Social & economic pressures not law caused segregation

Front 17

Lincoln Steffens

Back 17

Shame of the Cities

Front 18

Ida Tarbell

Back 18

History of Standard Oil Co.

Front 19

Upton Sinclair

Back 19

The Jungle

Front 20

Ray Stannard Baker

Back 20

Following the Color Line

Front 21

John Spargo

Back 21

The Bitter Cry of the Children

Front 22

Gustavus Myers

Back 22

History of the Great American Families

Front 23

Jacob A. Riis

Back 23

How the Other Half Lives

Front 24

Muckraker term coined by

Back 24

TR

Front 25

The Bitter Cry of the Children

Back 25

John Spargo

Front 26

History of the Great American Families

Back 26

Gustavus Myers

Front 27

How the Other Half Lives

Back 27

Jacob A. Riis

Front 28

Shame of the Cities

Back 28

Lincoln Steffens

Front 29

History of Standard Oil Co.

Back 29

Ida Tarbell

Front 30

The Jungle

Back 30

Upton Sinclair

Front 31

Following the Color Line

Back 31

Ray Stannard Baker

Front 32

Initiative

Back 32

Voters directly PROPOSE legislation

Front 33

Referendum

Back 33

People VOTE directly on laws

Front 34

Recall

Back 34

Voters can REMOVE corrupt officials

Front 35

Women fought for these 2 causes

Back 35

Suffrage & Prohibition

Front 36

Progressive Platform (9)

Back 36

1. Intiative
2. Referendum
3. Recall
4. Women's Suffrage
5. Prohibition
6. Regulation of big business
7. Laborers' protection
8. Food and drug regulation
9. Conservation

Front 37

Progressive Goals (2)

Back 37

1. Use gov't to limit powers of business
2. Remove threat of socialism by improving common man's conditions

Front 38

Boss Tweed & Tammany Hall of NYC

Back 38

he would
control new immigrants that would be forever in debt to Tweed

Front 39

Thomas Nast

Back 39

Muckraker political cartoonist
Harper's Weekly
famous for Tweed caricature

Front 40

Corrupt Practice Acts

Back 40

limit amt of $ candidates can spend on election campaign to curb corporation "gifts"/bribes

Front 41

Australian Ballot

Back 41

aka Secret Ballot
decreased power of political bosses

Front 42

City-level Changes

Back 42

1. City commissioners to manage urban affairs
2. Slumlords must renovate housing

Front 43

Robert LaFollette

Back 43

Wisconsin governor who ended corruption in RR & lumber industry

Front 44

Roosevelt's Square Deal

Back 44

Control of corporations
Consumer protection
Conservation of natural resources

Front 45

Anthracite coal mine strike

Back 45

Appalachians
Workers wanted 20% pay increase & 9 hr. shifts
TR intervenes, SIDES WITH LABOR RATHER THAN BIG BUSINESS
Get 10% pay increase & 9 hr. work day but workers' union not officially recog

Front 46

Dept of Commerce & Labor

Back 46

Created by TR
Business of Corporations subset to trust-bust

Front 47

Elkins Act of 1903

Back 47

Gave power to ICC
Removed use of rebate & est fines on RR companies receiving rebates

Front 48

Hepburn Act of 1906

Back 48

Stop collaboration btw. shipping companies

Front 49

Northern Securities Co

Back 49

RR holding Co by James J. Hill & JP Morgan. Lost in Supr Ct to TR

Front 50

TR busted approx. ____ trusts

Back 50

40+ incl. beef, sugar, fertilizer

Front 51

Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906

Back 51

stop mislabeling of food & pharmaceuticals

Front 52

Meat Inspection Act of 1906

Back 52

govt can inspect meat shipped over state lines (Upton Sinclair's the Jungle)

Front 53

Newlands Reclamation Bill of 1902

Back 53

Irrigate western states after overgrazing

Front 54

Aldrich-Vreeland Act

Back 54

Allowed banks to release emergency currency

Front 55

Eugene V. Debs

Back 55

Ran against Taft as a socialist & received MANY POPULAR VOTES

Front 56

Taft busted approx ___trusts

Back 56

90+

Front 57

Payne-Aldrich Tariff

Back 57

lowers tariff on some things but others (iron, coal, steel) went up. FAIL.

Front 58

Richard Ballinger

Back 58

Sec. of Interior who opens up large areas of west to corporate development

Front 59

Gifford Pinchot

Back 59

Chief of Agricultural Dept's Division of Forestry mad at Ballinger for opening up western land to corporations.

Taft fires him for insubordination

Front 60

Bull Moose Party

Back 60

TR starts this party because Taft is Repub nominee

Front 61

TR's Bull Moose/Progressive Platform for 1912 election

Back 61

1. Consolidation of trusts & labor unions
2. Women's suffrage
3. Social welfare (min wage laws, universal health care, etc.)

Front 62

Wilson (DEMOCRAT)'s New Freedom

Back 62

1. Small enterprise
2. Free, un-regulated and un-monopolized markets
3. NO social welfare
4. Break large trusts

Front 63

Election of 1912

Back 63

1. Taft (R) trust busting
2. TR (bull moose/progressive)
3. Wilson (D) New Freedom
4. Eugene Debs (socialist)

Front 64

Wilson attacks Triple Wall of Privilege

Back 64

Banks
Trusts
Tariff

Front 65

Underwood Tariff Bill

Back 65

Lowered protective tariffs

Front 66

Federal Reserve Act

Back 66

set up Fed Reserve Board to oversee 12 regional reserve banks

Front 67

Fed Trade Commission Act

Back 67

Created Fed Trade Commission to regulate interstate industries (trusts, false advertising, mislabeling, etc.)

Front 68

Clayton Anti-Trust Act

Back 68

Expanded powers of Sherman Anti-Trust.
*Excluded labor unions*
*Legalized strikes & peaceful picketing*
stopped price discrimination

Front 69

Fed Farm Loan Act

Back 69

low interest rates for farmer loans

Front 70

Muller vs. Ogden

Back 70

Ct ruled IN FAVOR OF laws protecting women workers from harsh conditions.

strike against equality

Front 71

Lockner vs. NY

Back 71

Ct. INVALIDATED law est. 10 hr work day for bakers b/c discriminated against bakers (some want to work 10+hrs).