Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What proof is there of the existence of a single continent?
|
discovery of nearly identical species of fish in freshwater lakes of various continents
|
|
|
How did the first people get into the Americas?
|
some may have come by crude boats
most crossed over landbridge(n.america with eurasia) |
|
|
How many people may have been in the Americas in 1492?
|
54 million people
|
|
|
What key items did the Aztecs, Mayans, and Incas lack?
|
they lacked large draft animals (horses) and the wheel
|
|
|
pueblo - _____
|
village
|
|
|
Indian tribes in the Ohio river valley
|
Mound Builders
|
|
|
Indian tribe in the lower midwest
|
Mississippi culture
|
|
|
desert dwelling tribe of the South built Chaco Canyon
|
Anasazi
|
|
|
what helped the development of the Creek, Choctaw, and Cherokee?
|
maize, beans and squash made rich diet
|
|
|
located NE wooldands - developed the political and organization skills to sustain a robust military alliance that menaced its neighbors
|
Iroguois Confederation
|
|
|
culture in which power and possessions passed down the female side of the family
|
matrilineal cultures
|
|
|
present day Newfoundland where Norse seafarers of Scandinavia landed
|
Vinland
|
|
|
How did the Crusades lead to European exploration in North America?
|
crusaders acquired a taste for exotic delights of Asia
-wanted to find less expensive route to riches of Asia or develop an alternative supply |
|
|
How did Marco Polo lead to European exploration in North America?
|
the Italian adventurer returned to Europe with tales of China(most likely New World). tales made Europeans desire treasures of the East
|
|
|
What discovery in sailing led to European exploration in North America?
|
Portuguese developed caraval, ship sail more closely into the wind.
and they could return to Europe by Sailing NWesterly from Africa |
|
|
Who were the first slave traders?
|
Arab flesh merchants and Africans - both in Africa
|
|
|
who were the first big sailors?
|
Portuguese
|
|
|
made a loop around the southernmost tip of the "Dark Continent" Africa in 1488
|
Bartholomeu Dias
|
|
|
10 years after Diaz, ____ traveled completely around Africa and reached India
|
Vasco da Gama
|
|
|
What two inventions helped explorers?
|
Mariner's compass - sea travelers
printing press-spread scientific knowledge |
|
|
How was Columbus a "successful failure"?
|
was looking for new route to Indies, but instead discovered the New World
|
|
|
What were some animals and crops Indians had that others didn't?
|
iguanas, rattlesnakes,
tobacco, maize, beans, tomatoes and potatoes |
|
|
What animals and plants did the Europeans bring over?
|
cattle, swine and horses
|
|
|
What was the biggest problem the Europeans brought and what damaged caused?
|
disease and germs caused smallpox, yellow fever ect.
Indians not immune, and died |
|
|
treaty, Spain secured its clams to Columbus' discovery, and divided New World with Portugal
|
Treaty of Tordesillas
|
|
|
spanish conquerors
|
conquistadores
|
|
|
what three reasons brought the Spanish?
|
1. God
2. gold 3. glory |
|
|
discovered Pacific ocean and claimed its coast for his king
|
Vasco Nunez Balboa
|
|
|
made first circumnavigation of the globe
|
Ferdinand Magellan
|
|
|
Spaniard who explored Florida
-sought gold -killed by Indians |
Juan Ponce de Leon
|
|
|
discovered the Grand Canyon and the Colorado river
|
Francisco Coronado
|
|
|
lead gold seeking expedition in 1539-1542 with 600 men
-discovered and crossed Mississippi river |
Hernando de Soto
|
|
|
conquered the Incas of Peru
|
Francisco Pizarro
|
|
|
How did gold from the New World affect Europe?
|
increased consumer cost by 500%,
-growth of economic system, capitalism |
|
|
allowed the government to give Indians to certain colonist in return Christianize them
|
encomienda
|
|
|
Spanish missionary appalled by encomienda
|
Bartolome de Las Casas
|
|
|
conquered the Aztecs in the early to mid 1500s
|
Hernan Cortes
|
|
|
people of mixed Indian and European heritage
|
mestizos
|
|
|
Indian slave spoke Mayan and Aztec, learned Spanish
-baptized Dona Marina -now means traitor in Mexico |
Malinche
|
|
|
Aztec capital
|
Tenochtitlan
|
|
|
Aztec chieftain, who believed Cortes was the god Quetzalcoatl
|
Moctezuma
|
|
|
What two things brought about the end of the Aztec empire?
|
1.conquest by Spaniards
2.smallpox epidemic |
|
|
English first sent him to explore the NE coast of N.America
|
Giovanni Caboto - John Cabo
|
|
|
Italian mariner sent by French to explore eastern seaboard
|
Giovanni de Verrazano
|
|
|
10 years after Verrazano this Frenchman traveled up the Lawrence river
|
Jacques Cartier
|
|
|
St. Augustine - why was it built?
|
the Spanish wanted to block French ambitions and to protect the Sea lanes to the Caribbean
|
|
|
Battle of Acoma
|
between Spanish and Pueblo people;
severed one foot of each survivor; area became New Mexico |
|
|
capital of New Mexico founded in 1609 by Spanish
|
Santa Fe
|
|
|
Indian uprising provoked by missionaries to suppress native religious customs in 1680
-Indians destroyed Catholic Churches |
Pope's Rebellion
|
|
|
___ - sent by French to explore down the Mississippi river in 1680s
|
Robert de La Selle
|
|
|
explored California coast in 1542,
failed to find San Fran Bay |
Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo
|
|
|
led Spanish missionaries in first chain of 21 missions up coast of California
|
Father Junipero Serra
|
|
|
false conception that the conquerors merely tortured and butchered the Indians
|
"Black Legend"
|
|
|
What good did he Spanish do in the New World?
|
erected colossal empire from California to Florida
-molded their culture, laws, religion, and language into natives - spanish speaking society |
