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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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John Rolfe |
D:father of VA's tobacco industry and husband to Pocahontas S: tobacco was invaluable to VA economy and allowed for their continued success and survival |
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Lord Baltimore |
D: the catholic who founded Maryland as a refuge for his fellow Catholics and for $$$ S: provided for an area of religious tolerance for ALL Christians and another future state of the US was formed |
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Oliver Cromwell |
D: champion of parliament during civil war of Charles I's reign S: allowed for Charles II to take throne who gave Lord Prop. the land which became the Carolinas |
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James Oglethorpe |
D: an imperialist, philanthropist, and adept soldier who led GA for a time S: saved GA w/ his leadership and $, ensuring its survival |
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Hiawatha |
D: one of the founders of the Iroquois Conf. S: Iroquois Conf. was one of the greatest Indian military powers; fought w/ both Eng. and French during war |
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James I |
D: king who commissioned charter for VA company and made it a royal colony (b/c his hate of tobacco and distrust of the House of Burgess) S: allowed for Jamestown to begin and showcased distrust crown had for the colonies' independence |
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Cpt. John Smith |
D: a young English man who saved VA from total collapse in 1608 S: allowed first successful colony to survive until its relief party showed up |
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Powhatan |
D: Indian chieftain and father of Pocahontas S: helped provide peaceful relations (at first) w/ settlers |
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Pocahontas |
d: intermediary between Indians and settlers; became wife of John Rolfe to seal the end of the first Anglo-Powhatan war S: helped preserve peace between settlers and IDs and helped Virginians survive longer by providing foodstuffs |
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Lord De La Warr |
D: gov. of Jamestown who took aggressive mil. action against IDs S: began first Anglo-Powhatan war and destroyed any hope of peaceful relations w/ IDs |
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Sir Walter Raleigh |
D: one of Elizabeth I's fave. courtiers and one of the many joint-stock company creators S: j. s. c.'s allowed for English citizens to have the money to colonize |
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Sir Francis Drake |
D: a courtly man who swashbuckled around the world looting Spanish ships and raiding Spanish settlements; knighted by E I S: his actions fueled Spain's resentment (S. Armada) |
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Elizabeth I |
Ruler of England from 1558-1603 who ended Prot. vs. cath. conflict; revitalized England w/ her ambition and backed Sir F. Drake S: support of Drake fueled rivalry w/ Spain (who they beat) and unifying England which led to the beginnings of England's imperial era |
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Henry VIII |
D: King of England from 1509-1547 who left Cath. church S: his defection began Protestant Ref. |
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Protestant Reformation |
D: conflict for religious dominance; started by Henry VIII and ended w/ protestant Elizabeth I S: led to more unity within England which allowed for it to soon become a dominating power: set religious standards for America |
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Roanoke Island |
D: first English attempt at colonizing at the coast of Newfoundland which ended w/ it disappearing S: marked the start of England's exploration and settling of the New World |
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Spanish Armada |
130 Spanish ships brought together by Philip II of Spain to invade England S: w/ Spain's defeat England gained more naval dominance and more patriotic spirit, catapulting imperialism |
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primogeniture |
D: the right of succession belonging to the firstborn S: as laws of primo. became norm, landholders' younger sons set off w/ a need to get rich; the place to get rich was the New World, giving more motivation for colonization |
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joint-stock company |
D: a place where investors could pool their capital; could provide financial backing to colonizing S: w/out them colonizing wouldn't have been able to happen and many settlements wouldn't exist ie. Jamestown, Maryland, etc |
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Virginia Company |
D: j.s.c. intending to make some $$$ in the New World and then liquidate settlement to reap profits S: marked beginning of successful English colonization and set foundations for a brand new nation |
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charter |
D: a written grant made by a country's leader in which an institution (school, city, etc.) is created and its rights identified S: the VA charter was used by all colonies and gave colonists equal rights as those back in Britain; but 150 years after charter colonists were fighting b/c of a lack of those guaranteed rights |
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Jamestown |
D: first successful settlement in the New World founded by the VA company; where tobacco industry kicked off S: its early relations w/ Indians left wariness w/ both parties for the next few centuries; its success w/ tobacco led to it (and surrounding colonies) to become plantation colonies |
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First Anglo-Powhatan War |
D: Lord De La Warr raids Indian village, burned houses, confiscated provisions and torched cornfields w/ orders from the VA company; ended w/ peace treaty and Pocahontas and Rolfe's marriage S: strained relation w/ Indians; weakened IDs (helped cause 2 war) and pushed them further away from their land |
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Second Anglo-Powhatan War |
D: second and last attempt made by the Ids in around 1644 to get rid of the Virginians S: destroyed any hope of Indian assimilation afterward, permanently staining white-native relations |
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House of Burgesses |
D: 1st rep. self-gov't founded in colonies; established in 1619 by VA S: precedent for "minin parliaments"all over America and gave a greater sense of independence |
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Act of Toleration |
D: a law mandating religious tolerance S: served as a shield for Cath. minority of Maryland allowed for RC to take root in America |
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Barbados Slave Code |
D: a slave code that gave masters almost complete control over slaves; denies basic human rights S: basis for North American slave system |
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squatters |
D: a person who stays/uses land that isn't theirs S: some of NC's first occupiers; helped fuel independent mindset in NC by being between aristocratic SC and VA |
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Iroquois confederacy |
D: started around late 1500's; a great mil. power in Mowhawk valley composed of the Mowhawks, Oneidas, Onodagas, Cayugas, and Senecas S: one of the competitors in the fur trade; influenced America win French and Indian War |
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Tuscarora War |
D: conflict between Carolinians and Tuscarora Indians in 1711; Indians crush by colonists and sold into slavery or joined Iroquois conf. S: caused Tuscarora to become sixth nation of Iroquois conf; asserted white supremacy |
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Yamasee Indians |
D: coastal tribe of Indians S: when defeated by SC marked the defeat of virtually all coastal tribes; foreshadows fate of almost all ID |
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buffer |
D: a person or thing that keeps people or things from contacting/harming each other S: GA acted as a buffer for the Carolinas against Spanish FL and French Louisiana; vital in imperial defense before, during, and after wartime w/ Spain |
