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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Vertical and horizontal integration |
-It is when you combine into one organization all phases of manufacturing from mining to marketing. -This makes supplies more reliable and improved efficiency. It controlled the quality of the product at all stages of production. |
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Standard Oil |
- John D. Rockefeller organized Standard Oil in Cleveland in 1870. Through ruthless competition and superb organization, the Standard Oil Trust controlled 90 percent of oil refining in the United States by 1879. -dominated American oil refining. Like others of his ilk, he sought to stabilize his industry, reduce competition, and maximize profits. |
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“Middle Workers” |
-People of middle class who have steady job -offered many new job experiences |
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Deskilling |
-Movement away from the usefulness of artisans because of the cheaper, and often better quality, factory produced goods -With deskilling, employers found they could pay workers less and replace them more easily |
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Scientific Management |
-a management theory using efficiency experts to examine each work operations and find ways to minimize the time needed to complete it -encouraged the development of mass production techniques and the assembly line, led to a revolution in American education of social science. |
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Immigration at the turn of the century (demographics) |
-More industrialization brought in more people from all places ireaend ect. and raised the us population greatly -competition for job with original us citizens |
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Chinese Exclusion Act |
-1882, halted Chinese immigration to America; Started when people of the West Coast attributed declining wages and economic troubles to the hated Chinese workers -In order to appease them Congress passed the Chinese Exclusion Act |
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Producerism |
-The argument that real economic wealth is created by people who make their living by physical labor, and that merchants, lawyers, bankers, and other middlemen unfairly gain their wealth from such "producers." In the late nineteenth century, pro-ducerism was a popular ideology among farmers, skilled tradesmen, and factory workers. -Greenback Labor Party protested fading reconstruction, ideal of producerism |
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Granger Laws |
-The Granger laws were a series of laws passed in western states of the United States after the American Civil War to regulate grain elevator and railroad freight rates and rebates and to address long- and short-haul discrimination and other railroad abuses against farmers. -These laws that were passed, but eventually reversed |
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Knights of Labor vs. the AF of L |
-The American Federation of Labor (AFL) split apart at its national convention in 1935;a majority of AFL leaders refused to grant charters to new unions organized on an industry-wide basis;the AFL favored the organization of workers according to their skills and trades -the CIO favored the organization of all workers in a particular industry. |
