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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Life, Physical and earth are the... |
3 main branches of science |
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Any science that deals with living organisms their life processes and their interrelationships |
Life science |
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Any of the sciences dealing with inanimate matter or with energy |
Physical science |
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Any of the various sciences hat deal with earth/space its composition or any of its changing aspects |
Earth science |
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A descriptive statement or equation that reliably predicts events under certain conditions |
Scientific law |
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A system of ideas that explains many observations and is supported by a large body of evidence acquired through scientific investigation |
Theory |
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How close the measurement is to the known (true) value |
Accuracy |
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How close the measurements are to one another |
Precision |
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SI units Based on powers of 10 Units: length: meters (m) Mass: grams (g) Volume: liters(L) |
The metric system |
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Anything that has mass |
Matter |
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A substance that cannot be broken down or separated into smaller substances by chemical means |
Element |
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The smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element |
Atom |
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A group of atoms that are held together by chemical forces |
Molecule |
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A substance made up of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds |
Compound |
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Combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined |
Mixture |
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A mixture that is not evenly distributed and do not mix together |
Heterogeneous mixture |
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The mixture is the same throughout, substances that are evenly distributed |
Homogeneous mixture |
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Mass x volume |
Density |
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M/d |
Volume |
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Separate soluble substances from insoluble substances |
Filtration |
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Separates solute from a solvent in a solution |
Evaporation |
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separates a solvent from a solution based on boiling point |
distillation |
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v1/t1=v2/t2 |
Charles law |
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p1/t1=p2/t2 |
gay lussacs law |
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the upward force that keeps an object immersed or floating on a fluid |
buoyant force |
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resistance of gas or liquid to flow |
viscosity |
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-Greek philosopher around 400BCE -believed that matter was made up of indivisible units of atoms - had no evidence to support his theory |
Democritus' atomic theory |
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-English teacher in 1808 believed atoms were indivisible -atoms of a given element were identical -compounds are formed by combining two or more kinds of atoms -a chemical reaction is the rearrangement of atoms. -theory supported by the law of definite proportions |
daltons atomic theory |
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a chemical compound always contains the same elements in the exact same proportions by weight and mass |
law of definite proportions |
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cathode ray experiment discovered electrons discovered that atoms are NOT indivisible
plum pudding model |
thomsons model of the atom |
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gold foil experiment discovered atoms nucleus |
Rutherfords model of the atom |
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number of protons in an element |
atomic number |
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matter is made up of particles that are in constant motion
the greater the temperature, the faster the particles
at the same temperature, larger particles move slower |
kinetic theory of matter |
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protons+neutrons |
atomic mass |
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nick the baby camel ate an inch clam for supper in Phoenix consenents are oxygens vowels are charge (-) |
polyatomic ion trick |
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the ability to change or move matter (to do work) |
energy |
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a measurement of the average kinetic energy in a substance |
temperature |
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the change of a substance from liquid to gas |
process of evaporation |
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changes of state directly from solid to gas |
sublimation |
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changes of state from gas to liquid |
condensation |
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mass cannot be created or destroyed |
conservation of mass |
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energy cannot be created or destroyed |
conservation of energy |
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p1v1=p2v2 |
boyles law |
