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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Address
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The unique location of [1] an Internet server, [2] a specific file (for example, a Web page), or [3] an e-mail user. It is also used to specify the location of data within computer storage.
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Anonymous Web surfing
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Visiting websites without allowing anyone to gather information about which sites the user visited. Services are available that provide anonymity, disable pop-up windows and cookies, and conceal the visitor’s IP address, i.e., your e-mail address.
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Audiocast
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Audio content broadcasted over the Internet. The term serves as a broad descriptor for any audio content, including streaming audio, podcasts or other distribution methods.
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Blog
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Short for weblog; a personal online journal that is frequently updated and intended for general public
consumption. Blogs are defined by their format: a series of entries posted to a single page in reverse chronological order. Blogs generally represent the personality of the author or reflect the purpose of the website that hosts the blog. |
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Bookmark
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A saved link to a Web page.
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Breadcrumb trail
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On a website, a navigation tool that allows a user to see where the current page is in relation to the website’s hierarchy.
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Cascading style sheet
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Or CSS; determines how a given element is presented on a Web page. CSS gives more control over the appearance of a Web page to the page creator than to the browser designer or the viewer.
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Channel
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A group of items, each of which represents one post (i.e., a blog post or MP3 audio file). You subscribe to the channel when subscribing to podcasts. Channel is used interchangeably with feed on many websites; may also be referred to as a “feed.”
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Chat room
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A Web-based venue for communities of users with a common interest to communicate in real
time. Forums and discussion groups, in comparison, allow users to post messages but don’t have the capacity for interactive messaging. Users can enter chat rooms and read messages without sending any—a practice known as lurking. |
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Chicklet
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A term for the small, often orange buttons used as links to RSS files. Most podcatchers allow a user to “drag and drop” chicklets directly onto them to easily add a subscription.
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Content management system
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Or CMS; a system used to manage website content in lieu of commercially available code-based Web design software. The features of a CMS system vary, but most
include Web-based publishing, format management, revision control, indexing, search and retrieval. |
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Cookie
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Information a website puts on your hard disk so that it can remember something about you at a later time. Typically, a cookie records your preferences when you use a particular site.
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Counter
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On a website, a program that counts and typically displays how many people have visited an HTML page (usually the home page). Many sites include a counter, either as a matter of interest or to show that the site is popular.
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Cybersquatting
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According to the U.S. Anti-Cybersquatting Consumer Protection Act, cybersquatting is registering, trafficking in or using a domain name with bad-faith intent to profit from the goodwill of a trademark or celebrity belonging to someone else.
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Digitization
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The process of converting information into a digital format. In this format, information is
organized into discrete units of data (called bits) that can be separately addressed (usually in multiple-bit groups called bytes). This is the binary data that computers and many devices with computing capacity (such as digital cameras and digital hearing aids) can process. |
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FAQ
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A list of “frequently asked questions” (and answers) that has become a common feature of Internet
sites. |
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File transfer protocol
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Or FTP. A standard Internet protocol and the simplest way to exchange files between computers on the Internet. FTP is commonly used to transfer Web page files from creator to server. It is also commonly used to download programs and other files to your computer from other servers.
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Item
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A single entry in a news feed or podcast channel. Each item contains an enclosure that links to the audio file for the podcast, including ID3 tags.
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Internet
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A worldwide system of computer networks conceived by the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) of the U.S. government in 1969 and first known as the ARPANET. The original aim was to create a network allowing users of a research computer at one university to be able to “talk to” research computers at other universities. A side benefit of ARPANET’s design was enabling messages to be routed or rerouted in more than one direction so that the network could continue to function even if parts of it were destroyed in a military attack or other disaster.
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Narrowcast
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Audio or video programs targeting a specific audience demographic, as opposed to a broadcast. Many podcasts may be described as narrowcasts, although as the technology continues to be adopted, “mainstream” programming for wider audiences is being podcast as well.
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News feed
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A Web feed that specifically supplies new headlines or posts to an RSS aggregator. See RSS feed.
A news feed may also be called a news channel. |
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Permission marketing
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A marketing strategy using e-mail and other mobile technology to send consumers information that they have agreed in advance to receive. Opt-in e-mail, where Internet users agree in advance to receive information about certain product categories, is an example. Permission is a key provision of the 2003 Can Spam Act,
http://www.ftc.gov/bcp/conline/pubs/buspubs/canspam/shtm. |
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Phishing
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An e-mail fraud method. A perpetrator sends a legitimate-looking e-mail in an attempt to gather
personal and/or financial information from recipients. Typically, the messages appear to come from wellknown and trustworthy (but “spoofed”) websites. |
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Ping
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A basic Internet program that lets you verify that a particular IP address exists and can accept requests.
The verb ping means the act of using the ping utility or command. Ping is used diagnostically to ensure that a host computer is actually operating |
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Podcast
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An audio file published on the Internet with an RSS feed, allowing users to subscribe to automatic
downloads of a series of such programs. Podcasts are a collection of files, audio MP3 files, for example, that are then included in an RSS 2.0 news feed as enclosures. Instead of headlines in a news feed, each item in a podcast RSS feed represents a single MP3 file. |
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Podcasting
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The preparation and distribution of audio (and possibly other media) files for download to digital music or multimedia players such as the iPod.
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Podcatcher
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A software application that automatically checks for and downloads new podcast feeds.
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Proxy server
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An enterprise that uses the Internet to act as an intermediary between a workstation user and
the Internet so that the enterprise can ensure security, administrative control and caching service. A proxy server is associated with or part of a gateway server that separates the enterprise network from the outside network and a firewall server that protects the enterprise network from outside intrusion. |
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Punchcast
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A podcast that is sent directly to a smartphone or other mobile device without being sent to a
laptop or desktop PC. |
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Push technology
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A set of technologies whereby information is delivered from a central server to a client computer, often by means of an Internet-based content delivery network .
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Redirection
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On a website, a technique for moving visitors to a different page or site when its address has
been changed and visitors are familiar with the old address. |
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RSSL
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RDF Site Summary, formerly called Rich Site Summary or Really Simple Syndication; a method of
describing news or other Web content that is available for “feeding” (distribution or syndication) from an online publisher to Web users. |
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RSS aggregator
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A program used to collect and read RSS feeds. An RSS aggregator also may be known as a
newsreader, news aggregator or RSS aggregator. Some readers exist as stand-alone programs and others operate as extensions of Web browsers or e-mail programs; still others are available online so feeds can be read independently of the computer used to collect them. |
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RSS feed
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An XML file that provides content or summaries of content, including links to the full versions of the content and other metadata, that a user can subscribe to using an RSS aggregator. Some sites may call this an RSS feed a channel.
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Scraping
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The process of someone creating an RSS feed from another website, as opposed to the individual’s own content.
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Spam
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Unsolicited e-mail. From the sender’s point-of-view, spam is a form of bulk mail, often sent to a list obtained from a spambot or to a list obtained by companies that specialize in creating e-mail distribution lists. To the receiver, it usually seems like junk e-mail.
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Spool
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To copy an RSS link into a podcast organizer or loader application to download later.
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Spyware
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Any technology that aids in gathering information about a person or organization without their knowledge. On the Internet (where it is sometimes called a spybot or tracking software), spyware is
programming that is put in someone’s computer to secretly gather information about the user and relay it to advertisers or other interested parties. Spyware can get in a computer as a software virus or as the result of installing a new program. |
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Streaming media
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Sound (audio) and pictures (video) transmitted on the Internet in a streaming or continuous fashion, using data packets. The most effective reception of streaming media requires some form of broadband technology such as cable modem or DSL.
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Syndication
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The supply of material for reuse and integration with other material, often through a paid service subscription. The most common example of syndication is newspapers where content such as
wire-service news, comics, columns, horoscopes and crossword puzzles usually are syndicated content. Newspapers receive the content from the content providers, reformat it as required, integrate it with other copy, print it and publish it. For many years mainly a feature of print media, today content syndication is the way a great deal of information is disseminated across the Web. |
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Timeshifting
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The process of recording and storing data for later viewing, listening or reading. In communications, the term timeshifting refers to the transmission of messages or data to be read, heard or viewed by the recipient at a later time. E-mail, voice mail and fax are common examples. Podcasting is a perfect example of timeshifting for radio programming.
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URL
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Uniform Resource Locator, previously Universal Resource Locator; the unique address for a file that is accessible on the Internet. A URL is a type of URI (Uniform Resource Identifier, formerly called Universal Resource Identifier.)
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USM
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Universal Subscription Mechanism, which allows certain podcasters to add a subscription automatically
from an RSS file. |
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Uploading
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The transmission of a file from one computer system to another, usually a larger computer system. From a network user’s point-of-view, to upload a file is to send it to another computer that is set up to receive it.
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Video podcasting
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Similar to podcasting, except that video files instead of MP3s are published into RSS feeds; also called “vlogging” or “vodcasting.”
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Vlog
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Video blog; a blog that contains video content. The small, but growing, segment of the blogosphere devoted to vlogs is sometimes referred to as the vlogosphere.
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Web 2.0
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A term for advanced Internet technology and applications, including blogs, wikis, RSS and
bookmark sharing. The two major components of Web 2.0 are the technological advances enabled by Ajax and other new applications such as RSS and Eclipse and the user empowerment that they support. |
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Web accessibility
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Standards ensuring that people with disabilities can use the Web. Web accessibility means that people with disabilities can perceive, understand, navigate and interact with the Web, and that they can contribute to the Web. Web accessibility also benefits others, including older people with changing abilities due to aging. Web accessibility encompasses all disabilities that affect access to the Web, including visual, auditory, physical, speech, cognitive and neurological disabilities.
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Weblog
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A website that consists of a series of entries arranged in reverse chronological order, often frequently updated with new information about particular topics. The information can be written by the site owner, gleaned from other websites or other sources or contributed by users.
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Webinar
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A type of Web conference or Web seminar that can be presented as an interactive dialogue between presenter and audience completely via the Internet, or a telephone-based presentation with complementing computer-based content. A webinar is “live” in the sense that information is conveyed according to an agenda, with a starting and ending time (Some are now available for viewing after as “pre-recorded,” so to speak?)
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Wiki
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A server program that allows collaboration in forming the content of a website or other document via a website. With a wiki, any user can edit the site content, including other users’ contributions, using a regular Web browser. Basically, a wiki website operates on a principle of collaborative trust. The term comes from the word “wikiwiki,” which means “fast” in the Hawaiian language.
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World Wide Web
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All the resources and users on the Internet that are using the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). The World Wide Web is the universe of network-accessible information, an embodiment of human knowledge.
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XML
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Extensible Markup Language; a flexible way to create common information formats and share both the
format and the data on the World Wide Web, intranets and elsewhere. |
