Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
92 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Papule |
Smaller than <0.5 cm in diameter, elevated |
|
|
Nodule |
Palpable, solid, round/ellipsoidal lesion, a larger papule (larger than 0.5 cm) |
|
|
Tumor |
Larger nodule, any benign or malignant mass |
|
|
Wheal |
also called hives, flat topped papule or plaque, disappear within hours. dermatographia |
|
|
Dermatographia |
scratching the skin will result in the production of wheals or hives charac of people with allergic disorders |
|
|
Comedo |
dilated hair follicle infundibulum, plugged by keratin and lipids |
|
|
Open comedo |
pilosebaceous unit is open to the skin surface, blackhead. |
|
|
Closed comedo |
closed infundibulum (epidermal portion of hair follicle) in which the follicular opening is unapparent, whitehead. |
|
|
Black |
this color represents oxidized sebaceous content of the infundibulum |
|
|
Horn |
Conical mass of cornified cells abnormally differentiating epidermis originates from warts or keratosis cutaneous represents different kinds of keratosis present among population |
|
|
plaque |
solid, plateau-like elevation >0.5 cm in diameter may arise from aggregation of papules into plaques common in psoriasis and patients with keloids |
|
|
Calcinosis |
hard, whitish papules and nodules in extremities calcium deposits may originate from cysts important to rule-out underlying hypercalcemia dermis or subcutaneous tissue |
|
|
Erosion |
Moist circumscribed loss of a portion or all of the viable epidermal or mucosal epithelium trauma, maceration, rupture of bullae or vesicles do not scar because the epidermis is the only one affected unless they become secondarily infected |
|
|
Ulcer |
defect in the epidermis and upper dermis heals with scarring borders: punched out, jagged or angular base: clean, ragged or necrotic discharge: purulent, granular, malodorous surrounding skin: red, purple, pigmented |
|
|
Atrophy |
diminution in size/ thinning of the skin epidermal: glossy, almost transparent, paper thin and wrinkled dermal: depression in the skin panniculus: more substantial depression of the skin as in lupus panniculitis |
|
|
Poikiloderma |
combination of atrophy, telangiectasia (dilation of the capillaries) and varied pigmentary changes ( mottled pigmentation) salt and pepper mottled pigmentation can be found in the connective tissue diseases such as lupus and scleroderma can be found as a common skin malignancy among asians called hypopigmented mycosis fungoides |
|
|
Sinus |
tracts connecting deep suppurative cavities to each other or to the surface of the skin may contain pus, fluid or keratin scalp, neck, axillae, groin and rectum may be found in hidradenitis suppurativa (a rare form of acne, similar to nodulocystic acne) |
|
|
Striae |
aka stretchmarks Linear depressions changes in collagen surface: thin and wrinkled color: pink to red, pale and flattened out symmetrically distributed along the lines of cleavage |
|
|
Burrow |
Wavy, threadlike tunnel excavated by a parasite length: few millimeters seen in parasitic infection called scabies caused by Sarcoptes scabiei found in intertriginous area |
|
|
Sclerosis |
circumscribed or diffuse hardening or induration in the skin scarring in the dermis or dermal fibrosis extend deep into the panniculus fascia muscle or bone in scleroderma |
|
|
Macule |
<0.5 cm in diameter, nonpalpable (flat) varied shapes, distinct or vague borders |
|
|
Patch |
> 0.5 cm in diameter flat area of skin/mucous membrane with a different color from its surrounding may be formed by coalescing macules |
|
|
Erythema |
reddish hue blanchable change in skin color or mucus membrane dilatation of arteries and veins in the papillary and reticular dermis pressing the lesion will result in the loss of red color |
|
|
Erythroderma |
generalized redness of the skin exfoliation >90% of body surface area common causes include contact dermatitis, psoriasis, mycosis fungoides common in elderly patients |
|
|
Vesciles and bullae (blisters) |
fluid filled cavity or elevation manifestations of autoimmune diseases |
|
|
Vesicles |
less than or equal to 0.5 cm fluid filled cavity or elevation |
|
|
Bullae/blister |
larger than 0.5 cm fluid filled cavity |
|
|
Pustule |
circumscribed or raised cavity in the epidermis contains pus (aggregates of neutrophils) purulent exudate: bacteria or sterile GS/CS heal without scarring pus does not necessarily mean an infection |
|
|
Pustular psoriasis and Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis |
Sterile pus is present in |
|
|
Abscess |
localized accumulation of purulent material dermis or subcutaneous tissue pink erythematous warm tender fluctuant nodule Assoc symptoms: fever lymphadenopathy often caused by bacterial infection (staph infection) |
|
|
Petechiae |
pinpoint |
|
|
Purpura |
purpuric macule |
|
|
Ecchymoses |
larger patch |
|
|
Petechiae, purpura and ecchymoses |
represent extravasation of blood from cutaneous vessels unlike erythema, do not blanch on pressure |
|
|
Telangiectasia |
persistent dilatations of small capillaries superficial dermis appear as fine, bring, non-pulsatile red lines or net like patterns |
|
|
Infarct |
Area of cutaneous necrosis bland or inlam occlusion of blood vessels in the skin cutaneous: tender, irregularly shaped dusky reddish-gray macule or firm plaque may be found in Reynaud's phenomenon defined in connective tissue disease |
|
|
Scales / desquamation |
flat plate or flakes |
|
|
Latent desquamation |
scale is only observed after scratching the lesion may appear after the inflammation or edema in the dermis or epidermis |
|
|
atopic dermatitis |
after the inflammation the edema will perish and will become scales... what condition? |
|
|
Psoriasis |
Silvery scales appear in |
|
|
P. versicolor |
furfuraceous scales |
|
|
Psoriasis |
Micaceous/oyster-like scales in ... |
|
|
pityriasis rosea |
colarette scales in ... |
|
|
Crusts |
hardened deposits serum, blood or purulent exudate which dried on the skin surface |
|
|
dried serous secretion |
yellow-brown crusts |
|
|
Purulent secretion |
turbid yellowish-green crusts |
|
|
hemorrhagic secretion |
reddish black crusts |
|
|
Excoriations |
surface excavations of epidermis often linear configuration due to scratching |
|
|
Fissure |
decreased elasticity of skin surface or mucosa excessive tension can be found in keratoderma and eczemas of palms and soles also on flexural areas |
|
|
Lichenification |
thickening of the epidermis due to repeated rubbing accentuated skin markings resemble a tree bark in atopic dermatitis, develop widespread reaction --> develop eczema in adult --> _____ characterized by lichen simplex chronicus (neurodermatitis) which is a disorder of chronic skin itching and scratching |
|
|
Keratoderma |
excessive hyperkeratosis of the stratum corneum yellowish thickening of skin in palms and soles acquired or inherited |
|
|
Eschar |
circumscribed, adherent hard black crust of the skin surface implies tissue necrosis, infarction, deep burns, gangrene or ulcerating process slough naturally or surgically debrided etiology is infarction caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, causing occulsion of the BV |
|
|
Brown |
Color of lesion: Melasma |
|
|
Brownish gray |
color of lesion: exogenous ochronosis |
|
|
Black |
color of lesion: seborrheic keratosis and malignant melanoma |
|
|
Dull red |
color of lesion: erythema nodosum |
|
|
Violaceous |
color of lesion: kaposis sarcoma (assoc with a tumor in HIV patients) |
|
|
Erythematous |
color of lesion: histiocytosis X and Atopic dermatitis |
|
|
red |
color of lesion: hemangioma |
|
|
Poikilodermatous "salt-and-pepper" |
color of lesion: mycosis fungoides |
|
|
Chalky white |
color of lesion: vitiligo |
|
|
Hyperpigmentation |
increase in pigmentation in contrast to the surrounding tissue |
|
|
Hypopigmentation |
decrease in pigmentation in contrast to the surrounding tissue |
|
|
doughy to hard |
Consistency of keloid |
|
|
Doughy |
consistency of morphea/scleroderma |
|
|
Hard |
consistency of angiosarcoma |
|
|
Annular (ring shaped) |
shape of tuberculoid leprosy |
|
|
Round / nummular / discoid (coin shaped) |
shape of tinea incognito / tinea pedis |
|
|
Polycyclic (coalescing rings / circles ) |
Shape of resolving nummylar eczema |
|
|
Arcuate arc-shaped |
shape of erythema annulare centrifugum |
|
|
Linear straight line |
plant dermatitis shape |
|
|
reticular (net like or lacy) |
livedo reticularis shape |
|
|
Serpinginous |
cutaneous larva migrans shape |
|
|
targetoid |
erythema multiform shape |
|
|
Whorled |
Incontinentia pigmenti shape |
|
|
Herpetiform |
herpes simplex arrangment |
|
|
Zosteriform |
herpes zoster arrangement |
|
|
Dermatomal / zosteriform |
unilateral overlying a nerve |
|
|
Blaschkoid |
follows line of skin migration during embryonal stage epidermal nevi and hamartomas birthmarks |
|
|
lymphangitic |
along distribution of a lymph vessel infection caused by streptococcus |
|
|
sun-exposed |
face dorsal hands triangular area (v neck of chest) photosensitivity rxns |
|
|
Sun-protected |
areas covered by clothing poikilodermatous change in mycosis fungoides (salt and pepper mottled appearance) |
|
|
Acral |
distal locations hands and feet nutritional signs of deficiency and eczema |
|
|
truncal |
trunk or central body |
|
|
Extensor |
dorsal extremities |
|
|
Flexor |
antecubital and popliteal fossa |
|
|
Intertriginous |
skin folds, axillae, inguinal fold, inner thighs, inframmamary |
|
|
Scalp |
Seborrheic dermatitis |
|
|
Scalp |
Alopecia arreata |
|
|
Scalp |
Furunculosis in an infant |
|
|
Scalp |
Inflammatory Tinea Capitis |
|
|
Scalp |
Angiosarcoma |
