Applied Phonetics Test I

Front 1

Acoustic phonetics

Back 1

The branch of phonetics that deals with the acoustic properties of sounds; acoustics is a subfield of physics that deals with the generation and transmission of sound

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Allograph

Back 2

any one alaphbet letter or combination of letters that represents a particular phoneme. One phoneme may be represented (spelled) by several different allographs.

Front 3

Allophone

Back 3

One of the sound variants within a phoneme class, often used in a specified phonetic context.

Front 4

Arresting

Back 4

another name for syllable-final sounds; they arrest (stop) the syllable.

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Articulatory Phonetics

Back 5

the branch of phonetics that deals with how sounds are formed, also called physiological phonetics

Front 6

clinical phonetics

Back 6

the branch of phonetics that deals with errors or abnormalities in the production of sounds.

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closed

Back 7

a syllable that ends in a consonant

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complementary distribution

Back 8

a term used to describe two or more allophones of a particular phoneme that occur mutually exclusive phonetic contexts.

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diacritic mark

Back 9

a special symbol used to modify a phonetic symbol to indicate a particular modification of sound production

Front 10

dialect

Back 10

different usage patterns within a language; speakers of one dialect may or may not easily understand speakers of another dialect of the same language.

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dictionary

Back 11

an inventory of the words in a language, usually together with their meaning

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final

Back 12

the final position or segment in a word, eg, the T in the BAT is a final consonant.

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free variation

Back 13

a term used to describe allophones that may be exchanged for one another in a particular phonetic context.

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geminate

Back 14

sounds that occur together as a pair, such as the two k sounds in bookkeeper or the tow s sounds in gas supply

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grapheme

Back 15

a unit in the writing system of a language

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idiolect

Back 16

an individual or personal pattern of language usage. each user of a language has an idiolect.

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initial

Back 17

the first position or segment in a word, eg, the B in the word BAT is an initial consonant.

Front 18

lexicon

Back 18

an inventory of the morphemes in a language

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medial

Back 19

a middle position or segment in a word (ie, not final or initial); the B is medial in the words, rubber, rebut, and toothbrush

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minimal contrast

Back 20

a sound segment distinction by which two morphemes or words differ in pronunciation. minimal contrasts are basic to the discovery of phonemes in a language.

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morph

Back 21

an individual morphemelike shape in a language sample.

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morpheme

Back 22

the smallest unit of language that carries a semantic interpretation (meaning)

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morphemic transcription

Back 23

a written account of the morphemic content of a language sample

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morphemics

Back 24

the study of morphemes; a subfield of linguistics

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morphology

Back 25

that part of linguistics concerned with the study of morphemes, the meaning-bearing elements of a language

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open

Back 26

a syllable that does not end in a consonant

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phone

Back 27

a particular occurrence of a speech sound segment

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phoneme

Back 28

a basic speech segment that has the linguistic function of a distinguishing morphemes (the minimal units of meaning in a language)

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phonetic symbol

Back 29

a written character that represents a particular speech segment

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phonetic transcription

Back 30

a written account of the sound segments in a spoken language sample

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phonology

Back 31

the study of the structure and function of sounds in language

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postvocalic

Back 32

occurring after a vowel, eg, the T in EAT is a postvocalic consonant

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prevocalic

Back 33

occurring before a vowel, eg, the Be in BEE is a prevocalic conconant

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regional dialect

Back 34

a pattern of language usage that is shared by people living in a particular geographic region. a language may have several regional dialects.

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releasing

Back 35

another name for syllable-initial sounds, they release (begin) the syllable.

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sign language

Back 36

a system of communication that uses manual symbols, such as hand positions, postures, and movements to express language

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speech

Back 37

a mode of language expression based on sounds emitted through the mouth and nose

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speech community

Back 38

a group of people who live within the same geographic boundaries and use the same language.

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lingua-dental

Back 39

tongue touching teeth (th)

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lingua-alveolar

Back 40

tongue touching gum ridge (z)

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lingua-palatal

Back 41

tongue touching palate (sh)

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lingua-velar

Back 42

tongue and soft palate (g)

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glottal

Back 43

small between vocal folds (h)

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apical

Back 44

tip of tongue