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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Phonetics
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the study of the production and perception of speech sounds
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Historical Phonetics
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the study of sound changes in words
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Physiological Phonetics
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the study of the function of the speech organs during the process of speaking
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Acoustic Phonetics
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focuses on the differences in the frequency, intensity and duration of the various consonants and vowels
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Perceptual Phonetics
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the study of a listener's psychoacoustic response (perception) of speech sounds in terms of loudness, pitch, perceived length, and quality
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Phonetics
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the study of the production and perception of speech sounds
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|
Historical Phonetics
|
the study of sound changes in words
|
|
|
Physiological Phonetics
|
the study of the function of the speech organs during the process of speaking
|
|
|
Acoustic Phonetics
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focuses on the differences in the frequency, intensity and duration of the various consonants and vowels
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Perceptual Phonetics
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the study of a listener's psychoacoustic response (perception) of speech sounds in terms of loudness, pitch, perceived length, and quality
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Experimental Phonetics
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involves the laboratory study of physiological, acoustic, and perceptual phonetics
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Clinical Phonetics
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involves the study and transcription of aberrant speech behaviors, that is, those that vary from what is considered to be "normal" speech
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Phonology
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the systematic organization of speech sounds in the production of language
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International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)
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designed to represent the sounds of words, not their spellings
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Graphemes
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printed letters
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Phonetic Alphabet
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an alphabet that contains a separate latter for each individual sound in a language
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Allographs
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different letter sequences or patterns that represent the same sound
i.e. for, laugh, photo, muffin = /f/ |
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Morpheme
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the smallest unit of language capable of carrying meaning
e.g. books = 2; "book" & "s" |
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Free Morphemes
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morphemes that can stand alone and still carry meaning
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Bound Morphemes
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morphemes that are bound to other words and carry no meaning when the stand alone
i.e. (music)ian, (book)s |
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Mean Length of Utterance (MLU)
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the average number of morphemes per utterance
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/i/
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key
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/ɪ/
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win
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/e/
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the "a" in rebate
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/ɛ/
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red
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/æ/
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had
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/u/
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moon
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/ʊ/
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wood
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/o/
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the "o" in okay
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/ɔ/
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law
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/ɑ/
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cod
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/ə/
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the "a" in about
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/ʌ/
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bud
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/ɚ/
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the "er" in butter
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/ɝ/
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bird
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Phoneme
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one specific speech sound
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Minimal Pairs
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words that vary by only one phoneme
i.e. "look" / "book" & "hear" / "beer" |
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Place of Articulation
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where the sound is produced in the mouth
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Allophones
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variant pronunciations of a particular phoneme that do not change the identity or meaning of the original word
e.g. the first and second "L" in "LittLe" are articulated differently |
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Diacritics
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specialized symbols that are used to indicate allophones variation
-not used in broad transcription -used in narrow transcription |
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Syllable
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the basic building block of language that may be composed of either one or more vowels alone or a vowel in combination with one or more consonants
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Word Stress
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increased emphasis in the production of one syllable
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