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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Michigan ranks _____ in US in production of apples |
3rd |
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Tree densities vary from _____ - _____ trees/acre. |
500-2000 |
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usually start production on the _____ leaf. |
3rd |
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Apples trees do not like ______ weather. |
cold |
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The most important fungal pathogen in apples |
apple scab fungus |
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Apple scab can account for 1/2 of growers total pesticide costs up to _______ per acre. |
$400 |
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apple scab |
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apple scab lesions |
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what are the susceptible varieties to apple scab? |
Jerseymac, Jonagold, Cortland, McIntosh, Mutsu |
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What are apple scab cultivation factors? |
trees pruned well or not High density orchards - tree height mowing of leaves urea applied in fall |
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a fungal organism that affects shoots, leaves, flowers, and fruits. White, felt-like patches on leaves and stems Leaves become narrow and brittle Russeting on fruit |
Powdery mildew |
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Powdery mildew |
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Powdery mildew |
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at what temperature should you look for PM? relative humidity? |
60-80 degrees Farenheit +90% |
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What is a susceptible variety of apples to powdery mildew? |
Honeycrisp |
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Most significant bacterial disease of apple Can cause high economic losses Resistance to streptomycin Reason why pears are not widely produced in Eastern US |
Fire Blight |
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At what temperatures should you look for Fire Blight? type of weather? |
65-86 degrees F, rain or high humidity Wounded tissue present Open bloom present |
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What are the symptoms of Fire Blight? |
Presence of bacterial ooze Ooze on blossoms Collapse of tissue Takes 4 or 5 days Shoot and spur dieback |
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How do you control fire blight? |
Removing sources of infection Insect control - sucking insects Resistant cultivars Cultural practices - limit lush growth Chemical and biological controls |
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Fire blight |
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Fire blight (can see shepherd's crook) |
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An adult apple maggot is similar to the size of a |
fly |
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Where should you place traps for apple maggot? and how often? |
boarders of fields, 1 trap/2.5 acres |
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When do Apple Maggots emerge? How long? |
June-Early July, for about 3+ months through August. |
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apple maggot |
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Apple maggot damage |
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When should you begin scouting for Plum Curculio? |
Once fruit is present. |
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What temperature does Plum Curculio emerge in? |
Temps of 70-75 for at least 2 days or 55-60 for 3-6 days. |
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Is there a threshold for Plum Curculio? |
No. |
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Plum curculio |
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Plum curculio larva |
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Where is European Red mite found? |
in tree canopy, could be scouting for them right now |
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Bronzing, webbing on underside of leaves |
European red mite |
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European red mite |
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What is the most destructing insect in apples? |
Codling Moth |
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How many generations of Codling Moth are there per year? What do they overwinter as? |
2-3 generations, overwinter as larva |
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What is the threshold of codling moth? |
3-5 moths/trap |
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How many GDD until expected Codling moth egg hatch? |
250 GDD |
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Codling moth |
