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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the minimum hardware requirements for installing Mac OS X 10.6?
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Mac OS X 10.6 requires 1GB of system memory, 5GB of available hard-drive space, a Mac computer with an Intel processor, a DVD drive, an in-built display or display connected to a video card manufactured by Apple.
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What utilities are available when booting from the Mac OS X install DVD?
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The utilities available from the install DVD are System Profiler, Disk Utility, Reset Password Utility, Firmware Password Utility, Startup Disk, Terminal, Network Utility and Restore System from Backup.
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What preparation steps must you take before installing Mac OS X?
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(1. Verify application compatibility,
(2. Back up vital files and folders, (3. Document any critical settings, and (4. Check for firmware updates. |
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What are the advantages and disadvantages of a multi-partition setup?
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Single partition drives are easier to set up, but multi-partition drives provide more options for an administrator to segregate and maintain data on different volumes.
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Which packages are installed by default when installing Mac OS X?
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The essential system software, of course, as well as drivers for currently used printers, additional fonts, language localisations and X11.
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What packages can be optionally installed with Mac OS X?
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Additional printer drivers, Rosetta, QuickTime 7 and iPad support.
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What are the system build and version numbers?
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System version numbers are the latest major release of Mac OS X, such as 10.6. System build numbers are relevant mostly to developers and identify a particular iteration of that system development.
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Where can you find the hardware serial number, if the computer isn't responding?
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Usually printed somewhere on the back of the computer case.
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Where can you find the system build, version and hardware serial numbers?
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In System Profiler, as well as the "About this Mac" dialog from the Apple menu in the upper left corner.
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What are the four different preference panes?
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Personal, System, Network & Wireless, and Hardware.
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How are the four System Preference panes different?
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The Personal pane covers user settings pertinent to particular users. Network and Hardware settings have settings for network and hardware, and System settings usually require administrative access.
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What does the Migration Assistant need to be able to migrate user preferences and information?
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The Migration Assistant can move preferences and user information from another volume on the Mac currently in use, or from a Time Machine backup. It can also do it from another Mac, either by Firewire connection in conjunction with Target Disk mode, or by a Ethernet connection in conjunction with a second Migration Assistant.
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How can you access the Install Log?
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On a normally running Mac, enter the Console application, then choose Show Log List, and browse to the /private/var/log/install.log file. During installation, you can choose Window > Show Install Log, or use the Command-L shortcut.
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How can you ensure that you have the latest software update?
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Using the Software Update utility, available in Applications/Utilities, or in the Apple menu.
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What are the five types of user accounts available in Mac OS X?
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Admin accounts, Standard accounts, Sharing Only and Guest users, and the Root user.
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What are account attributes?
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Account attributes are items like names, pictures, and other things that relate to a user.
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How can you limit a user account?
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By using Parental Controls.
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What are some security risks associated with Mac OS X account?
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Standard accounts provide the best compromise between user friendliness and security. Admin accounts are very powerful, but if accessed a regular or even malicious user could easily mess with a system. Root user accounts have no limitations at all and can thus easily destroy a system. Guest accounts are limited, while Sharing Only accounts allow anybody to access certain files.
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What default folders make up a user's Home directory?
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Library, Documents, Pictures, Music, Downloads, Desktop, Public and Sites.
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What types of resource contention can occur when using fast user switching?
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Document resource contention, where several users attempt to edit and save the same file simultaneously, where most apps will simply work with a temporary copy then replace the old file with it. Peripheral contention occurs when one user is occupying a hardware peripheral and thus blocking its use from other users. Resource contention occurs if two users attempt to use the same resource simultaneously; for this reason, most commonly used resources (such as fonts) are copied into a user's Library.
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What does a keychain do?
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A keychain encrypts and stores sensitive information like passwords and makes them available only to authorised users.
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How does FileVault protect a user's data?
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FileVault stores the user's Home folder in an encrypted disk image and mounts it only when the user logs in.
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How does resetting the master password affect a FileVault user?
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If a known password is changed, FileVault users are unaffected. But if the master password is lost and reset, the FileVault passwords must also be reset before users can log in.
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How does resetting a user's password as an administrative user affect that user's keychain?
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The keychain retains the old password that was set to it - usually the user's own password. The keychain password must be reset, otherwise it will not automatically open.
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How does the Firmware Password utility help prevent users from making unauthorised password changes?
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The Firmware Password utility prevents users from changing the startup disk. This means that they cannot use Target Disk mode or boot from the Install DVD without either knowing the admin or firmware password.
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What are six reasons for using the command line environment?
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The command line environment allows access to the root user, avoids Finder limitations, can more easily perform administrative tasks, can administer several Macs remotely, can administer a computer invisibly through the SSH shell, and makes scripting and automation easier.
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What four methods can be used to access the command line?
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The command line can be accessed from the Terminal application on a running Mac OS X or from the Install DVD, or by entering >console in the login screen, or by using the rare single user mode.
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What three items are in the default command-line prompt?
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path, user and shell.
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What are the three main components of a typical command?
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a command, its flags or parameters and its arguments.
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What do the following terms describe: folder, directory, path, absolute path, and relative path?
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folder and directory are both denominations of a file system container, while a path is the definition of a location in the file system: an absolute one starts from root and a relative one starts at the present location.
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What is the difference between relative and absolute paths?
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A relative path locates a file or a directory from the present location. An absolute path locates it from the volume root.
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Which command is used to list items in a folder?
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ls. Useful flags include -a, which displays hidden files, -l, which shows longer info, -x, which gives only filenames, and -@ which displays metadata.
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which two commands can be used to read text files?
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less and cat.
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What is the sudo command used for?
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The sudo command is used to allow administrator sto run commands with root privileges.
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What are the two primary automation technologies for the graphical interface? How do the ydiffer?
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Automator is an easy-to-use application that can create workflows based on pre-defined actions. AppleScript is an English-like scripting language that allows you to script graphical applications.
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What are the three minimal steps required fo rcreating a comand-line scripts?
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Three minimal steps required for creating a command-line script are: create a plain text file containing a list fo commands, make the first line "#!/bin/bash" and change the files permissions to allow execution.
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What is the difference between disk drives, partitions and volumes?
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Disk drives are the actual storage hardware, partitions are logical divisions of a disk drive used to define the storage space, and volumes, contained inside partitions, are used to define how the individual files and folders are svaed to the storaage.
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What are the two primary partition schemes for Mac-formatted dries? What are their differences?
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GUID Partition Table is the default partition schee on Intel-based Macs, and Apple Partition Map is the default partition scheme on PowerPC-based Macs.
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What are the six volume formats supported by Mac OS X? How are they different?
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There is the Mac OS X Extended, Journaled and Mac OS X, Journaled, Case Sensitive, which are the native Mac OS X formats. Legacy file formats are the old Mac OS Standard (HFS), and the Unix File System(UFS). Then there's FAT32 which is common for older Windows drives and NTFS which is the native format of modern Windows. Also, there's Universal Disk Format, common in DVDs.
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How does file system journaling work?
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File system journaling records what operations are going on at any given moment. This way, if there is a crash, any corruption can easily be resolved by referring to the file systems' internal log.
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What are the four erase options available in Disk Utility?
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The four erase options are Don't Erase Data, which simply replaces the directory structure - hence retaining all the data, but in a jumbled form - Zero Data, which replaces the data with zeroes, 7-Pass Erase which writes seven rounds of random data on top of the files and 35-Pass Erase which writes 35 rounds of random data on top of each file.
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How does the Finder's Secure Empty Trash feature work?
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It does a 7-pass erase on the contents of the trash folder.
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What three methods can be used to eject a volume or drive from the Finder?
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You can use the Action menu, click the Eject button, or use
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