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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Appendicular Skeleton
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The primary function is movement
It includes bones of the upper and lower limbs Girdles attach the limbs to the axial skeleton |
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Skeleton of the Upper Limb
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Each upper limb has 32 bones
Two separate regions The pectoral (shoulder) girdle (2 bones): scapula and the clavicle The free part (30 bones): humerus, Radius, ulna, 8 carpals (wrist), 19 metacarpal and phalanges (hand) |
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Pectoral (Shoulder) Girdle
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Consists of two bones, the anteriorly positioned clavicle and the posteriorly positioned scapula
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Clavicle
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Clavicles are double curved bones extending along the superior thorax
Attached on the sternal end to sternum and the acromial end to the scapula |
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Scapula, Anterior View
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See Pic
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Scapula, Posterior View
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See Pic
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Scapula, Lateral View
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See Pic
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The Upper Limb (Extremity)
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Arm
Humerus Forearm Ulna Radius Wrist (8 carpal bones) Palm (5 metacarpal bones) Fingers (14 phalanges) |
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Humerus, Anterior View
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See Pic
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Humerus, Posterior View
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See Pic
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Elbow Joint
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Pic
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Radioulnar joints, Anterior View
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See
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Radius and Ulna, Anterior View
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See
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A Closer Look at Ulna
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See
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Radius and Ulna, Posterior View
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See
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A Closer Look at Elbow Joint, Ant.
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See
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A Closer Look at Elbow Joint, Post.
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See
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Wrist Joint
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Palpation to locate the distal styloid processes of the radius and ulna
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Carpals, Metacarpals & Phalanges
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The carpal bones appear in two irregular rows (proximal arch and distal row)
Mnemonic; proximal row - lateral to medial Sally Left The Party To Take Carmen Home |
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Carpals, Metacarpals & Phalanges
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Scaphoid is the most frequently fractured carpal bone often resulting from falling on an outstretched hand
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The Pelvic (Hip) Girdle
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Attaches the lower limbs to axial skeleton
Transfers the weight of the torso, head, and upper extremities to lower limbs Supports the visceral organs of the pelvis |
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The Pelvic (Hip) Girdle
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Pelvic girdle is formed by a pair of hip (coxal) bones
Each hip bone unites anteriorly at the pubic symphysis and posteriorly with the sacrum Collectively the hip bone, sacrum and coccyx is called the pelvis |
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The Pelvic (Hip) Girdle
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Each hip bone is formed by the ilium, ischium and pubis which were separate during childhood but fused in adulthood
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Hip Bone, Ilium
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Largest of the three hip bones
Consists of a superior ala and inferior body which forms the acetabulum (the socket for the head of the femur) Superior border - iliac crest Greater sciatic notch - allows passage of sciatic nerve |
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Hip Bone, Ischium
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Ischium - inferior and posterior part of the hip bone
Most prominent feature is the ischial tuberosity, it is the part that meets the chair when you are sitting |
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Hip Bone, Pubis, Lateral View
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Pubis - inferior and anterior part of the hip bone
Superior and inferior rami and body |
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Hip Bone, Pubis, Medial View
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See
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Comparing Male & Female Pelvis
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Males - bone are larger and heavier
Pelvic inlet is smaller and heart shaped Pubic arch is less the 90° Female - wider and shallower Pubic arch is greater than 90° More space |
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Comparing Male & Female Pelvis
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The female pelvis reflects modifications for child bearing
It tends to be wider, shallower, lighter, and rounder than the male Pelvic modifications accommodate the growing fetus as well as providing a birth canal wide enough to allow the infants head to exit at birth |
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UB55 合陽 (合阳)
Héyáng = Confluence of Yang |
Location: 2 cun directly below UB-40 between medial and lateral heads of gastrocnemius on line joining UB-40 and UB-57
Needling: ⊥ 0.7 – 1.0 cun |
knee or back pain, paralysis lower extremeties, hernia, menstrual
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Femur, Anterior View
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Femur - longest, heaviest, and strongest bone in the body
Proximally, the head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone forming the hip (coxal) joint Neck - distal to head, common site of fracture Distally, the medial and lateral condyles articulate with the condyles of the tibia forming the knee joint Also articulates with patella |
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Patella
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Largest sesamoid bone in the body
Forms the patellofemoral joint Superior surface is the base Inferior, narrower surface is the apex Thick articular cartilage lines the posterior surface |
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Femur, Posterior View
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See
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Tibia
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The larger, medial weight-bearing bone of the leg
The lateral and medial condyles at the proximal end articulate with the femur It articulates distally with the talus and fibula Tibial tuberosity - attachment site for the patellar ligament Medial malleolus - medial surface of distal end (medial surface of ankle joint) |
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Tibia & Fibula
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See
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Foot: Tarsals, Metatarsals, and Phalanges
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Seven tarsal bones - talus (articulates with tibia and fibula), calcaneus (the heel bone, the largest and strongest), navicular, cuboid and three cuneiforms
Five metatarsals - (I-V) 14 phalanges (big toe is the hallux) |
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Carpals, Metacarpals & Phalanges
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See
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Hip Bone, Ilium
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See
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Femur, Anterior View
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See
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