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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 4 main parts of the aorta?
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Ascending aorta
aortic arch thoracic(descending)aorta abdominal aorta |
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Where does the aorta receive blood from?
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left ventricle
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What are the branches of the aortic arch?
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brachiocephalic artery
right subclavian artery right common cartoid artery left common cartoid artery left subclavian artery |
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what are the branches of the ascending aorta?
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lefty and right coronary arteries
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What are the subdivisions of the iliac artery?
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common iliac artery
external iliac artery femoral artery popliteal artery tibial arteries, anterior/posterior dorsalis pedis |
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Which arteries branch to the arm?
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axillary
brachial radial ulnar |
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Which arteries branch to the head?
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common cartoid, L/R
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What are the 2 exceptions to the rule that all arteries have an associated deep vein?
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superior and inferior vena cava instead of aorta
external and internal jugular instead of cartoid |
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What are the names of the superficial veins in the arms distal to promimal?
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basilic
cephalic median cubital |
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Name 2 superficial veins in the legs.
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lesser and greater sapheneous
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Initially percussive strokes cause?
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local vasoconstriction
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Sustained percussive strokes cause?
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vasodilation
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Mechanical pressure on blood vessels cause?
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increased circulation
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Massage increases permeability of capillary walls which____?
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enhances oxygen and nutrient exchange
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What is an embolism?
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traveling clot
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What is a thrombosis?
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a lodged clot
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What is a pulmonary embolism?
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a clot that forms on the venous side of the systemic circuit
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What can cause an embolism?
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deep vein thrombosis, complications of trauma, orthopedic surgery
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Arterial emboli can go anywhere except the?
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lungs
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Arterial emboli can cause?
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heart attack-coronary artery
stroke-cartoid/cervical artery renal infarction-renal artery muscle infarction-femoral artery |
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What is thrombophlebitis?
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Veins have become constricted with clots
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Where is deep vein thrombosis most common?
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usually calves, thighs, pelvis
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Deep vein thrombosis is where?
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popliteal, femoral, iliac veins
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Thrombophlebitis is in which veins?
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lesser, greater saphenous
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What is an aneurysm?
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bulge in the blood vessel wall or heart
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What is the usual location for an aneurysm?
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the aorta or the brain
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What happens when the aneurysm ruptures?
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extensive bleeding can happen
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What area of the brain or aorta?
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usually the base of the brain, thoracic or abdominal aorta
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What are the complications of an aneurysm?
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blood clots
hemorrhage if ruptured |
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What is hypertension?
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high blood pressure
persistently above 140/90 |
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What are varicose veins?
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valves in superficial veins collapse and the vein is stretched , distorted
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Circulation flows in what way?
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arteries take blood from the heart, veins bring it back towards the heart
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Name the 5 major parts of the circul;ation flow.
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Arteries
arterioles capillaries venules veins |
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What are the layers of the blood vessels called?
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tunics
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Describe the tunics.
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outer is ct
middle is smooth muscle that is thicker in the arteries inner-endolthelium |
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What is the process that brings blood back to the heart?
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one way valves
skeletal muscle contraction respiration |
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Name the main division of the arteries of the ascending aorta.
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coronary arteries
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Name the main divisions of the arteries of the aortic arch.
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brachiocephalic(r subclavian, r common carotid
left common carotid left subclavian |
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What are the arteries in the arm?
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axillary
brachial radial/ulnar |
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Trace the pulmonary circulation.
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deoxygenated blood flows from RA through the tricuspid valve to the RV
through the PSLV to pulmonary trunk through pulmonary arteries to the lungs gas exchange occurs and oxgenated blood flows through the pulmonary veins to LA |
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Trace systemic circulation
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oxgenated blood flows from the LA through the bicuspid valve to the LV
through the ASLV to the aorta and out to the body the 1st vessels to emerge from the aorta are the coronary so the heart can feed first arteries branch from the aorta to feed the head, trunk and limbs deoxgenated blood flows from the peripheral veins into the IVC/SVC to RA |
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What initiates the heartbeat by creating impulses?
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The sinoatrial
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What are the variations in heart rates?
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bradycardia
tachycardia sinus arrhythmia premature beat(rxtrasystole) |
