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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Catastrophism |
The view that most of earth's geological features are the result of large-scale catastrophes such as floods, volcanic eruptions, etc... |
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Uniformitarianism |
The view that most of earth's geological features are the result of slow, gradual processes that have been at work for millions or even billions of years |
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Humus |
The decayed remains of once-living organisms |
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Sedimentary Rock |
Rock formed by the hardening of sediments |
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Igneous rock |
solid molten rock |
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metamorphic rock |
Sedimentary or igneous rock that has undergone substantial change, generally as the result of heat or pressure |
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Sediment |
San, silt, minerals and other components of soil |
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Magma |
molten rock that often flows underground |
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MInerals |
Inorganic crystalline substances found naturally in the earth, which are the basic building blocks of rocks |
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Strata |
layers formed in rock |
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Weathering |
The process by which rocks are broken down to form sediments |
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Physical weathering |
The process by which a rock is broken down without changing the chemical nature of the rock |
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Chemical weathering |
The process by which a rock is broken down by changing the chemical nature of the rock |
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Erosion |
The process by which rock and soil are broken down and transported away |
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Delta |
A typically fan-shaped area where a river deposits its sediments at its mouth |
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Groundwater |
Water found underneath the surface of the earth. |
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Stalactite |
A sediment deposit resembling an icicle and hanging from the roof of a cave |
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Stalagmite |
A sediment deposit resembling a pillar and rising from he floor of a cave |
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Unconformity |
A surface of erosion that separates one layer of rock from another |
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Angular Unconformity |
An unconformity between strata that are tilted relative to each other. |
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Nonconformity |
An unconformity between sedimentary rock and either igneous rock or metamorphic rock |
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Disconformity |
An unconformity where the strata are parallel and both layers are sedimentary |
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Paraconformity |
An unconformity for which there is no evidence but some geologists think should exist |
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Intrusion |
Veins of igneous rock that shoot through layers of sedimentary rock |
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Sills |
Veins of igneous rock that run in the same direction of the strata |
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Dikes |
Veins of igneous rock that run perpendicular to strata |
