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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Genetics
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The science that studies how characteristics get passed from parent to offspring
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Genetic factors
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The general guideline of traits determined by a persons' DNA.
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Environmental factors
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Those"nonbiological" factors that are involved in a person's surroundings such as the nature of the person's parents, the person's friends, and the person's behavioral choices.
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Spiritual factors
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The factors in a person's life that are determined by the quality of his or her relationship with God.
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Gene
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A section of DNA that codes for the production of a protein or a portion of protein, thereby causing a trait
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Messenger RNA
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The RNA that performs transcription.
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Anticodon
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A three-nucleotide base sequence on tRNA
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Codon
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A sequence of three nucleotide bases on mRNA that refers to a specific type of amino acid
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Chromosome
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DNA coiled around and supported by proteins, found in the nucleus of the cell
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Mitosis
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A process of asexual reproduction in eukaryotic cells
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Interphase
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The time interval between cellular reproduction
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Centromere
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The region that joins two sister chromatids
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Mother cell
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A cell ready to begin reproduction, containing duplicated DNA and centrioles
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Karyotype
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The figure produced when the chromosomes of a species during metaphase are arranged according to their homologous pairs.
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Diploid cell
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A cell with chromosomes that come in homologous pairs
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Haploid cell
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A cell that has only one representative of each chromosome pair
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Diploid number (2n)
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The total number of chromosomes in a diploid cell
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Haploid number (n)
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The number of homologous pairs in a diploid cell
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Meiosis
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The process by which a diploid (2n) cell forms gametes (n)
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Gametes
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Haploid cells (n) produced by diploid cells (2n) for the purpose of sexual reproduction
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Virus
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A non-cellular infectious agent that has two characteristics:
1. It has genetic material (RNA or DNA) inside a protective coat. 2. It cannot reproduce on its own |
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Antibodies
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Specialized proteins that aid in destroying infectious agents
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Vaccine
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A weakened or inactive version of a pathogen that stimulates the body's production of antibodies which can aid in destroying the pathogen.
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