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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is an organism that causes disease?
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Pathogen
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What is an organism that feeds on dead matter?
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Saprophyte
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What kind of organism requires oxygen?
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Aerobic organism
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What kind of organism does not require oxygen?
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Anaerobic organism
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What is a state in which members of a population ie as quickly as new members are born.
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Steady state
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What kind of growth is unhindered because of the abundance of resources for an ever-increasing population?
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Exponential growth
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What kind of growth is controlled by limited resources?
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Logistic growth
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What are three kinds of genetic recombination?
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Conjugation, transformation, and transduction
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What is a temporary union of two organisms for the purpose of DNA transfer?
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Conjugation
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What is a small, circular section of extra DNA that confers one or more traits to a bacterium and can be reproduced separately from the main bacterial genetic code?
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Plasmid
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What is the transfer of a DNA segment from a nonfunctional donor cell to that of a functional recipient cell?
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Transformation
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What is the process in which infection by a virus resluts in DNA being transferred from one bacterium to another?
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Transduction
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What is the DNA and other essential parts of a bacterium coated with several hard layers?
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Endospore
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What are organisms from the same species that have markedly different traits?
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Strains
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What part of a bacterium negotiates what materials pass into and out of the cell?
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Plasma membrane
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What part of a bacterium allows it to move from place to place and works like an outboard motor?
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Flagellum
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What part of a bacterium allows it to adhere to surfaces and wards off infection-fighting agents?
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Capsule
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What part of the DNA holds the information needed to make an organism a living thing?
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DNA
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What part of a bacterium holds the DNA and ribosomes in place?
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Ribosomes
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What part of a bacterium keeps the interior of the cell together and holds its shape?
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Cell wall
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What part of a bacterium grasps onto surfaces or another bacterium during conjungation?
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Fimbrae
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What part of a bacterium makes proteins?
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Ribosomes
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Are most bacteria autotrophic or heterotrophic?
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Heterotrophic
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Are most bacteria producers, consumers, or decomposers?
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Decomposers
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Are parasites autotropic or heterotrophic?
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Heterotrophic
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What could allow bacteria to grow in food that had been boiled and placed in steril equipment?
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Endospores
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What are the three shapes of bacteria?
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Coccus (spherical), bacillus (rod-shaped), spirillum (helical)
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What allows a bacterium to alter its genetic code and receive traits that improves its survival?
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Genetic recombination
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Which kind of genetic recombination involves making a copy of the donor's plasmid and transferring it to another?
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Conjugation
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Which kind of genetic recombination requires only one living bacterium?
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Transformation
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Which kind of genetic recombination requires the aide of an outside party (virus)?
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Transduction
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A bacterium has no cell wall. What is its phylum and class?
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Phylum Tenericutes, Class Mollicutes
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A bacterium has an exotic cell wall. What is its phylum and class?
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Phylum Mendosicutes, Class Archaebacteria
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A bacterium turns blue after receiving a Gram stain. What is it classified? What is its order?
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Gram-positive, Phylum Firmicutes
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A bacterium turns red after receiving a Gram stain. What is it classified? What is its order?
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Gram-negative, Phylum Gracilicutes
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A bacterium is Gram-positive (blue) with a spherical shape. What is its phylum and order?
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Phylum Firmicutes, Class Firmibacteria
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A bacterium is Gram-positive (blue) with a rod shape. What is its phylum and order?
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Phylum Firmicutes, Class Firmibacteria
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A bacterium is Gram-positive (blue) with a helical shape. What is its phylum and order?
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Phylum Firmicutes, Class Thallobacteria
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A bacterium is Gram-positive (blue). It has neither a spherical nor rod shape. What is its phylum and order?
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Phylum Firmicutes, Class Thallobacteria
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What Latin root is found at the end of the name of a bacterium with a spherical shape?
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coccus (i.e., streptococcus)
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What Latin root is found at the end of the name of a bacterium with a rod shape?
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bacillus (i.e., staphylobacillus)
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What Latin root is found at the end of the name of a bacterium with a spiral shape?
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spirillum (i.e., cholera spirillum)
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A bacterium is Gram negative (red) and heterotrophic. What is its class and order?
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Phylum Gracilicutes, Class Scotobacteria
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A bacterium is Gram negative (red) and non-photosynthetic. What is its class and order?
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Phylum Gracilicutes, Class Scotobacteria
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A bacterium is Gram negative (red). It produces oxygen during photosynthesis. What is its class and order?
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Phylum Gracilicutes, Class Oxyphotobacteria
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What Latin root is found at the end of the name of a bacterium with a rod shape?
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bacillus (i.e., staphylobacillus)
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What Latin root is found at the end of the name of a bacterium with a rod shape?
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spirillum (i.e., cholera spirillum)
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A bacterium is Gram negative (red) and heterotrophic. What is its class and order?
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Phylum Gracilicutes, Class Scotobacteria
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A bacterium is Gram negative (red) and non-photosynthetic. What is its class and order?
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Phylum Gracilicutes, Class Scotobacteria
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A bacterium is Gram negative (red). It produces oxygen during photosynthesis. What is its class and order?
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Phylum Gracilicutes, Class Oxyphotobacteria
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A bacterium is Gram negative (red). It produces no oxygen during photosynthesis. What is its class and order?
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Phylum Gracilicutes, Class Anoxyphotobacteria
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A bacterium is Gram negative (red) and autotrophic. It produces no oxygen. What is its class and order?
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Phylum Gracilicutes, Class Anoxyphotobacteria
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A bacterium is Gram negative (red) and autotrophic. It produces oxygen. What is its class and order?
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Phylum Gracilicutes, Class Oxyphotobacteria
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What happens to kingdom Monera in the six-domain system?
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It splits into two kingdoms: Eubacteria and Archeabacteria.
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What kind of organism would you expect in the slimy bottom of a pond?
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Anaerobic organisms
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What kind of organism would you expect near the surface of a pond?
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Aerobic organisms
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Is a photosynthetic bacterium an autotroph or heterotroph?
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Autotroph
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What are the five conditions for bacterial growth?
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Moisture, moderate temperature, nutrition, darkness, proper amount of oxygen
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Grandmother boiled peaches for a prescribed amount of time. What condition for bacterial growth did she remove?
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Moderate temperature
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Grandmother created a vacuum in a her jar by removing all air. What condition for bacterial growth did she remove?
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Proper amount of oxygen
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Grandmother stored ground meat in the freezer. What condition for bacterial growth did she remove?
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Moderate temperature
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Grandmother dehydrated berries by letting them sit on a clean plate covered with a cloth. What condition for bacterial growth did she remove?
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Moisture
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A copy of the complete DNA is made just before a bacterium splits into two separate bacterium. What event just happened?
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Asexual reproduction
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Are saprophytic bateria autotrophs or heterotrophs?
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Heterotrophs
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Are saprophytic bateria producers, consumers, or decomposers?
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Decomposers
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