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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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invertebrates
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animals that lack a backbone
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vertebrates
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animals that possess a backbone
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spherical symmetry
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an organism possesses spherical symmetry if it can be cut into two identical halves by any cut that runs through the organisms center
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radial symmetry
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an organism possesses radial symmetry if it can be cut into two identical halves by any longitudinal cut through its center
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bilateral symmetry
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an organism possesses bilateral symmetry if it can only be cut into two identical halves by a single longitudinal cut along its center which divides it into right and left halves
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epidermis
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an outer layer of cells designed to provide protection
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mesenchyme
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a jellylike substance that separates the epidermis from the inner cells in a sponge
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collar cells
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flagellated cells that push water through a sponge
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amoebocytes
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cells that move using pseudopods and perform different functions in different animals
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gemmule
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a cluster of cells encased in a hard, spicule-reinforced shell
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polyp
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the sessile, tubular form of a cnidarian with a mouth and tentacles at one end and a basal disk at the other
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medusa
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a free-swimming cnidarian with a bell-shaped body and tentacles
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epithelium
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animal tissue consisting of one or more layers of cells that have only one free surface, because the other surface adheres to a membrane or other substance
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mesoglea
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the jellylike substance that separates the epithelial cells in a cnidarian
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nematocysts
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small capsules that contain a toxin which is injected into prey or predators
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testes
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organs that produce sperm
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ovaries
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organs that produce eggs
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anterior end
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the end of an animal that contains its head
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posterior
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the end of an animal that contains its tail
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circulatory system
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a system designed to transport food and other necessary substances throughout a creature's body
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nervous system
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a system of sensitive cells that respond to stimuli such as sound, touch, and taste
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ganglia (singular: ganglion)
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masses of nerve cell bodies
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hermaphroditic
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possessing both the male and female reproductive organs
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regeneration
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the ability to regrow a missing part of the body
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mantle
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a sheath of tissue that encloses the vital organs of a mollusk, makes the mollusk's shell, and performs respiration
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shell
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a tough, multilayered structure secreted by the mantle, generally used for proctection, but sometimes for body support
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visceral hump
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a hump that contains a mollusk's heart, digestive, and excretory organs
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foot
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a muscular organ that is used for locomotion and takes a variety of forms depending on the animal
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radula
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an organ covered with teeth that mollusks use to scrape food into their mouths
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univalve
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an organism with a single shell
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bivalve
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an organism with two shells
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