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159 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sebaceous glands and hair are what tissue type
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epithelial
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Dermis layer is what tissue type
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connective
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arrector pili muscles are what tissue type
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muscular
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Meissner Corpuslces and Pacinian Corpuslces are what tissue type
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nervous
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skin, hair and nails is what system
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integumentary system
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integumentary system function
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protects deeper tissues, synthesize Vitamin D, site of cutaneous receptors, sweat and oil glands
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heart and blood vessels
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cardiovascular system
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cardiovascular system function
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blood vessels transport blood wich carries o2, co2, nutrients & waste; heart pumps blood
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red bone marrow, thymus, lymphatic vessels, thoracic duct, spleen & lymph nodes
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lymphatic system
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lympatic system functions
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picks up fluid leaks from blood vessels & returns, disposes of debris in lympatic stream, houses WBC (lymphocytes), involved in immunity
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nasal cavitity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchus & lungs
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respiratory system
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respiratory functions
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keeps blood constantly supplied with o2, & removes co2, gas exchange occurs through the walls of the air sacs of the lungs
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oral cavity, esophagus, liver, stomach, small & large intestine, rectum, anus
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digestive system
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digestive system functions
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breaks down food into absorable units, enter blood for distribution to body cells, indigestible food elimated as feces
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kidney, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra
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urinary system
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urinary system functions
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eliminates nitrogenous waste from body; regulates H20, electrolytes and acid/base balance of the body
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2 layers of the dermis
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papillary layer
reticular layer |
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5 layers of thick skin epidermis
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stratum corneum
stratum lucidum stratum granulosum stratum spinosum stratum basale |
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What layer is NOT part of thin skin
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statum lucidum
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These are for deep pressure
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Pacinian Corpuscle
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What is about the hair bulb
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sebaceous gland
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prostate, penis, testis, mammary glands, ovary, vagina, uterus
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reproductive system
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reproductive system functions
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production off spring, sperm/egg production, sex hormones
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dermis is what tissue type
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connetive tissues
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epidermis is what tissue type
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epithelium
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hypodermis is what tissue type
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connective tissue
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hair is what tissue type
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epithelium
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sweat glands are what tissue type
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epithelium
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sebaceous glands are what tissue type
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epithelium
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arrector pili muscles are what tissue type
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smooth muscle
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the horny layer 20-30 cells thick
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stratum corneum
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clear layer only in thick skin
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stratum lucidum
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think layer, 3-5 cell layers thick
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stratum granulosum
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prickly layer, serveral cell layers thick
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stratum spinosum
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corrugated cardboard layer, single row, germinativum
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stratum basale
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areolar CT in which collagen and elastin fibers form a loosely woven mat that is heavily invested with blood vessels
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Papillary layer of dermis
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80% of thickness, dense irregular connective tissue, netowrk of blood vessels that nourish this layer and the hypodermis; interlacing collagen fibers that run in various planes, most run parallel to the surface
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reticular layer of dermis
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subcutaneous layer of hypodermis is what tissue type
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connective tissue
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tube looking in hypodermis reticular layer of dermis are what
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sweat glands
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light touch receptors
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Meissner's corpuscles
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deep touch pressures receptors
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Pacinian corpuscles
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what is between the shaft and bulb of the hair
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hair follicles
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root and bulb is what type of tissue
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connective tissue
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what are the hair raising muscles
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arrector pili muscles
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fibrous protein found in the epidermis, hair and nails that makes those structures hard and water repellent; precursor is keratohyaline
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keratin
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oily secretion of sebaceous glands
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sebum
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increase friction and enhance the gripping ability of the finger and feet
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epidermal ridges
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white blood cells
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leukocytes
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granules appear in cytoplasm when stained
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granulocytes
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no granules are observed in cytoplasm when stained
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agranulocytes
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three types of granulocytes
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neutrophil
eosinophil basophil |
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two types of agranulocytes
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lymphocyte
monocyte |
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multi-lobed nucleous (3-5), lighter purple, most abundant; phagocytotic
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neutrophil
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bi-lobed (2) nucleous, stain pink; break down histamine
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eosinophil
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lobed nucleus, hard to see due to many granules, darker blue; release histamine and heparin
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basophil
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nucleus fills up 95% of cell, halo of cytoplasm, same size as RBC; immune response
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lymphocyte
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massive, U shape nucleus; transportation
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monocyte
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blood is what tissue type
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connective tissue
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red blood cells
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erythrocytes
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donut shape, thick and round on the outside
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erythrocytes
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smallest, thrombocytes; used in blood clotting
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blood platelets
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veins take blood ___ from the heart
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towards
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artieres take blood ___ from the heart
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away
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the heart is housed in the ___
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mediastinum
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the tricuspid is in what ventrical
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right
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the bicuspid is in what ventrical
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left
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seperating the right and left ventricles is the
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interventricular septum
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the heart muscle is known as
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myocardium
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blood platelets
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thrombocytes
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the sac that is white on the cadavers
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pericaridal sac
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the layer of the sac that touches the heart
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visceral pericardium
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the ear like pieces on the right and left atriums
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auricles
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the large vessel on the posterior side
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coronary vessel
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splits the atrium and ventricles roughly
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coronary sulcus
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the visceral pericardium on the heart is known as
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epicardium
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what is the layer of the heart on the inner most surface
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endocardium
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what three structures come out of the top together
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brachiocephalic artery
right common carotid artery right subclavian artery |
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"baby thing" that goes between aortic trunk and pulmonary trunk
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ligamentum arteriosum
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the ligamentum arteriosum is the result of what fetal structure
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ductus arteriosus
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what is under the auricles to make them "work"
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pectinate muscles
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tricuspid valve is in what ventricle
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right
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3 chords that come down from cuspid vavles
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chordae tendineae
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the texture inside the heart, with the endocardium
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trabeculae carneae
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the valve in the pulmonary artery is the
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pulmonary semilunar valve
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the bicuspid valve is in what ventricle
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left
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what valve is in the aorta
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aortic semilunar valve
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specialized connections between myocardial cells containing gap junctions and desmosomes
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intercalated discs
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how many papillary muscles in the right ventricle
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three
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how many papillary muscles in the left ventricle
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two
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what is the function of the coronary vessels
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to supply the heart with blood and nutrients
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the ligamentum arteriosum is where
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between the aortic arch and the pulmonary trunk
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what are the formed elements of blood
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erythrocytes (RBC)
leukocytes (WBC) platelets |
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straw colored, sticky fluid, mostly water, non protein nitrogenous plamsa proteins, nutrients, electrolytes, respiratory gases and hormones
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blood plasma
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blood cell formation; occurs in red bone marrow
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hemopoiesis
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what are platelets made up of
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megakaryocytes
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the outer layer of CT with collagenous fibers and abudent elastic fibers
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tunica externa of vessel
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thickest layer of artery, thinner in veins, largely composed of smooth muscle
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tunica media
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closest layer to the blood of a vessel
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tunica interna
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two types of tissue the tunica interna is made up of
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endothelial
connective tissue (deep, subendothelial CT) |
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membrane between the tunica interna and the tunica media; usually only in medium to large arteries
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internal elastic membrane
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delivers oxygen poor blood to the lungs and brings oxygen rich blood from the lungs back to the heart
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pulmonary circulation
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What is the fetal shunting system between the right and left atriums
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foramen ovale
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What does the foramen ovale become after birth
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fossa ovalis
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delivers oxygen rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body and brings oxygen poor blood from the rest of the body to the heart.
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systemic circulation
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blood in the left ventricle of the heart will enter ___ circulation
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systemic
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equivalent to one complete heart beat during which both atria and both ventricles contract and relax
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cardiac cycle
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period when either the ventricles or the atria are contracting (higher #)
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systole
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peroid of the cardiac cycle when either the ventricle or the atria are relaxing (lower #)
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diastole
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side of neck artery
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carotid artery
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anterior to ear, in temple region artery
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temporal artery
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in the antecubital fossa (elbow) artery
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brachail artery
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at the lateral aspect of the wrist artery
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radial artery
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clenching the teeth, in line with teh corner of the mouth artery
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facial artery
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at the back of the knee artery
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popliteal artery
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on the dorsum of the foot artery
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dorsalis pedis artery
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"lup" sound
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ventricular pressure above artial pressure
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"dup" sound
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semilunar valve snaps shut, begin vetricular relaxation
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abnormal heart sounds
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murmur
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the pressure the blood exerts against any unit area of the blood vessel walls, and it is generally measured in the arteries; meaured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg)
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blood pressure
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instrument used to take blood pressure reading
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sphygmomanometer
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the pressure in the arteries at the peak of ventricular contraction
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systolic pressure
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the pressure during ventricular relaxation
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diastolic pressure
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Normal blood pressure is
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120/80
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Pulse pressure is calculated by
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SP-DP
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MAP is what
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mean arterial pressure
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MAP is calculated by
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DP + 1/3 pulse pressure
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blood pressure would ___ with long exposures to cold temperatures
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raise, more blood needed to maintain body temperature and the cold causes the arteries to constrict
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a vein that carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart
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pulmonary veins
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a vein that goes throughout the body
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systemic veins
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sounds that are heard in the stethoscope
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Korotkoff sounds
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1st Korotkoff sound is the
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systolic
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4th Korotokoff sound is the
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diastolic
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pressure that propels the blood to the tissues
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mean arterial pressure (MAP)
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narrowing of the blood vessels
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vasoconstriction
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the art of listening for sounds make by internal organs, such as the heart and lungs, to aid in the diagnosis of certain disorders; "to listen"
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auscultation
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the smallest of blood vessels and the site of exchange between the blood and tissue cells
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capillary
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more pressure is in the
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arteries
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lumen is larger in, appears flat and collapsed, has large blood volume but is only partially filled
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vein
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valves are found in
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veins
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posterior intercostal arteries are found where
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lining ribs
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the ___ artery on the left is an individual, on the right is found with 2 other trunks, which are___ and ___
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subclavian
brachiocephalic artery common carotid artery |
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in the armpit region the subclavian artery becomes _____
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axillary artery
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after passing the pectoralis major muslce the axillary artery becomes the
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brachial artery
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after the subcubital fossa region (elbow), the brachial artery splits to become the ___ and ___
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radial artery (thumb)
ulnar artery (pinky) |
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the radial artery and ulnar artery join together in the hand to become the
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superficial palmar arch
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the vein on the top of the spine that drains into the superior vena cava is the
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azygos vein
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the large vein in the arm is the arm that runs the distance and joins another at the H is the
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basilic vein
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the ___ vein runs into the head
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internal jugular vein
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the vein that runs through the deltoid muscles, the length of the arm is the
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cephalic vein
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the conncection point of the basilic vein and cephalic vein is the
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median cubital vein
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the inferior vena cava branches from the heart into the ___
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common iliac vein
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the ___ vein becomes the femoral vein
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external iliac vein
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the femoral vein continues to the back of the knee to become the
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popliteal vein
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the popliteal vein branches into the ___
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posterior tibal vein
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the posterior tibial vein has 2 branches off of it, the first is the ____, the second is the ___
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anterior tibal vein
fibular vein (peroneal vein) |
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the common iliac artery splits off the ___
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abdominal arota (descending aorta)
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once the external iliac artery passes the ing. ligament it becomes the
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femoral artery
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long skinny vein the whole lenth of the leg, dumps into the femoral
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greater saphenous vein
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short, skinny vein that dumps into the popliteal vein
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lesser (small) saphenous vein
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