A&pii Digestion

Front 1

Digestive system Functions name the 4. DADE

Back 1

1.Digestion 2. Absorption 3. Detoxification (liver) 4.Excretion

Front 2

Digestion definition

Back 2

The mechanical and chemical breakdown of foods into forms that cells can absorb

Front 3

Ingestion-define

Back 3

taking food into the mouth.

Front 4

Absorption-define

Back 4

the passage of digested food from GI tract into bloodstream (and lymph) for distribution to cells.

Front 5

Digestive Organs has Two categories the _________ canal which extends from _____ to _____. And the __________ organs.

Back 5

Alimentary, from mouth to anus. Accessory organs.

Front 6

Name the 6 alimentary organs.

Back 6

Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

Front 7

The Accessory organs release _________ into the alimentary canal that help _____ food. Name the 4 organs. Sal has some Gall putting that liver in the pan

Back 7

Secretions, digest. 1.salivary glands 2.liver 3.gallbladder 4.pancreas

Front 8

Think about this: What does the structure do to contribute to The FUNCTIONS of the DIG System and The GOAL of DIGESTION Mouth and teeth _____-up food. Add saliva. Salivary Glands secrete enzyme _________ which breaks down ________ into __________. The function is to _______ food and make it easier to _______. The food is now a wet mucus ball (called a ________)and is ready to transport to the __________.

Back 8

grind-up, amylase, starches into disaccharides, moisten, swallow. Bolus esophagus.

Front 9

Movement in the digestive system 2 types. Name them and describe them.

Back 9

Peristalsis-movement and propulsion and segmentation-mixing

Front 10

Salivary Glands produce and secrete enzymes 1-__________ and 2- lingual _______. Name 2 Functions

Back 10

1. amylase 2. lipase 1-Dissolve and mix with food to form BOLUS for easy swallowing and transport through esophagus. 2-Start the digestion of food by providing enzymes to break it down.

Front 11

Nasopharynx and Swallowing Breathing and Swallowing share some equipment! During swallowing bolus passes into ________. The ______ moves a flap (epiglottis) over the breathing passage (Trachea) to close it off.

Back 11

Pharynx and larynx.

Front 12

Aspiration define

Back 12

getting food into the trachea.

Front 13

4 layers of the alimentary canal (tube) Name and give its function. MSMS

Back 13

1. Mucosa (innermost lining) secretion and absorption. 2. Submucosa- support: blood vessels, nerves. Lymph 3. Muscular- mixing and propulsion, 4. Serosa-cover and protection.

Front 14

Esophagus is a _________ tube. Function is _________ only, __ __________ takes place here.

Back 14

Muscular tube, transport only, no digestion/or absorption takes place here.

Front 15

If esophagus is broken contents from ________back up to the ________ that's acid reflux.

Back 15

Stomach, esophagus.

Front 16

Stomach is a very vascular organ. It can be difficult to control __________ in the stomach.

Back 16

bleeding

Front 17

Rugae are ____ in the stomach so the stomach can compress or expand.

Back 17

Folds.

Front 18

Functions of the stomach changes bolus into ______ (which is a paste) via ________. Secretes enzymes to digest ______. Moves food along to the ___ intestine. Does limited _______.

Back 18

chyme, churning, proteins, small, absorption.

Front 19

The lining of the stomach has gastric ___ that are cells that secrete acid, _______, and _______.

Back 19

pits, enzymes, mucus.

Front 20

Gastric secretions: An Indian Chief is drinking Pepsi-n-Gin, goes to a Party House In Clio which In Fact produces Much Gas.

Back 20

Chief cells make pepsinogen (the inactive form of pepsin); Parietal cells make HCl And Intrinsic Factor; Mucus from mucous (goblet) cells; Enterendocrine cells make Gastrin.

Front 21

Function of Pepsin? HCl? Intrinsic Factor? Mucus? Gastrin?

Back 21

Pepsin-breakdown proteins, Intrinsic Factor-help w/ absorption of Vitamin B12; Mucus-protect against acid; Gastrin-promotes secretion of gastric juice. HCl kills bacteria, breaks down cell walls of plant cells, denatures proteins, converts pepsinogen to pepsin.

Front 22

Digestive System has lots of enervation. Secretions need to be ________ and movement needs to be ________.PNS _________ digestion and the SNS _______digestion.

Back 22

Timely, appropriate. Increases, decreases.

Front 23

Regulation of gastric secretions is both: Neural the _________ system increasing gastric secretions and the ____________ decreasing gastric secretions; and Hormonal.

Back 23

Parasympathetic, sympathetic.

Front 24

Hormones of the GI system:(made by? And function?) Gas, intense Gas! I need a Tomato Stat! A big Tomato with a goalie inside it. The goalie is my sis. She is kind but secretive.

Back 24

Gastrin(made by gastric cells in response to food-function: increase gastric juice), Intestinal Gastrin (made by cells in small intestine in response to chyme, function: increase gastric juice), Somatostatin (made by Gastric cells, function: inhibit acid production), Cholcyto-kinin(CCK) (made by intestinal wall cells in response to Protein or Fat-function: decrease Gastric Juice, stim pancreatic secretion, stim bile release), Secretin (made by cells in Small intestine in response to acid chyme, function: stim panc release of HCO3).

Front 25

Phase of Gastric Secretion 1)Cephalic phase triggered by? Parasympathetic impulses trigger? 2)Gastric phase triggered by? What is released? What is secreted? 3)Intestinal phase triggered by ? Intestinal cells release ? Secretion of ?

Back 25

1. a)triggered by smell, taste, sight, or thought of food, b) parasympathetic impulses trigger gastric juice secretion 2.a)triggered by presence of food in stomach b) gastrin released c)gastric juice secreted 3. a)triggered by movement of food into small intestine b)intestinal cells release intestinal gastrin c)secretion of gastric juice

Front 26

cephalic phase-triggered by _____-_____ food, _______food, or _________food. _____________ -nervous system increases stomach ______, ____ production, Mucus production, and ______ production. Both ____and _______ further stimulate release of gastric juice.

Back 26

Thinking-about, smelling or seeing food. Parasympathetic, churning, HCl, Gastrin, HCl and Gastrin.

Front 27

Gastric phase stomach is ________ by food. Stretch ________ carry info to the brain, stimulate the _________-nervous system. _____receptors sense a drop in ______ as food dilutes stomach ____ resulting in ______ secretion.

Back 27

Stretched, receptors, parasympathetic. Chemoreceptors, acidity, acid, Gastrin

Front 28

Intestinal phase food enters the ___________. When food 1st enters the small bowel cells in the ____- secrete __________ gastrin which causes more _____-_____ to be secreted.

Back 28

Duodenum, duodenum, intestinal, gastric juice.

Front 29

CCK (cholecytsokinin) is release due to _____ foods. CCK delays _______ ________. enterogastric reflex a signal is sent from _____ receptors in the ________ which ______ the Vagus nerve signal to the stomach.

Back 29

Fatty foods. Gastric emptying, stretch, duodenum, lowers.

Front 30

Pancreas secretes pancreatic juice which de-______ gastric contents. Enzymes break down: _____, carbs, fats and _____-acids.

Back 30

Acidifies, proteins, nucleic acids.

Front 31

Pancreatic Enzymes Pan kissed made Amy's lips so big they tryp car-boxes in chy-town.

Back 31

Amylase, lipase, trypsin, carboxypeptidase, chymotrypsin. Nucleases.

Front 32

Lipase breaks apart what? Maltase breaks apart what? Nuclease breaks down what?

Back 32

Fatty acid, from glycerol. Maltose. DNA/RNA into nucleotides.

Front 33

Pancreas and it's endocrine function. Insulin and glucagon. Glucagon is released when glucose is ____ and causes an ___ in glucose. Insulin is released when glucose is ___ and causes a ___ in glucose. [Gl-amorous GIG]

Back 33

low/increase. high/decrease.

Front 34

Veinous drainage from the digestive system goes to the _____ 1st then to the inferior vena cava.

Back 34

Liver.

Front 35

Bile is releases in response to ____. It breaks big ____ globules into smaller globules. It does not change the chemical structure of nor does it digest ____. It enters the duodenum and is absorbed by the ____-_______.

Back 35

CCK, fats, fats, small intestine.

Front 36

Small intestine 3parts: D______, J_______, I_______. Cecum is pouch.

Back 36

Duodenum, Jejunum, ilium.

Front 37

Function of small intestine is both ______ and ________. ________ is completed in the sm. Intestine.

Back 37

digestion and absorption. Digestion.

Front 38

Because the greater the surface area the more it absorbs, the sm. Intestine has circular ____ or Plicae circulares which have ____ which have micro____.

Back 38

Folds, villi, microvilli.

Front 39

Appendiix does what?

Back 39

Resets the bacteria to norm.

Front 40

Large Intestine there is No digestion. It is _______ of ____ and electrolytes. ____ and lots of bacteria live here. Unlike the small intestine movement is not constant it is a ____ movement.

Back 40

Absorption, water. Mucus, mass.

Front 41

Omentum is an apron a double layer of ___ (and some dense _____ tissue) that covers the gut. It acts as a barrier...if perforation it helps seal it off.

Back 41

Fat, connective.

Front 42

Hemorrhoids are prolapsed _____ veins, can be internal or external. Symptoms: bleeding, ____ and pain. Causes: increased pressure in veins, stress, chronic constipation, diet. Tx: symptomatic, surgery (can be fatal)

Back 42

rectal, itching

Front 43

Flatus is ___ expelled from ____. comes from swallowed air, ______ byproducts and bacterial metabolism (which causes ____).

Back 43

Gas, digestive, odor.

Front 44

Liver is the major ______ factory of the body. Important in the _____ of sugars, fats and proteins. Other functions include: storage, removing damaged ____, phagocytosis, ____. It also makes _____

Back 44

Metabolic.Synthesis. RBC's, detox, Bile