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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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a human right based on nature or God
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unalienable
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a weak constitution that governed America during the Revolutionary War
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Articles of Confederation
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meeting in Philadelphia in 1787 that produced a new constitution
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Constitutional Convention
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a 1787 rebellion in which ex-Revolutionary war soldiers attempted to prevent foreclosures of farms as a result of high interest rates and taxes
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Shay's Rebellion
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proposal to create a strong national government
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Virginia Plan
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proposal to create a weak national government
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New Jersey Plan
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plan to have a popularly elected House based on state population and a state-selected senate, with two members for each state
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Great Compromise
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a government in which elected representatives make the decision
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republic
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constitutional authority is shared by three different branches of government
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seperation of powers
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a group with a distinct personal interest
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faction
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those who favor a strong national government
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Federalists
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those who favor a weaker national government
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Anti-Federalists
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an alliance of factions
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coalition
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an order to produce an arrested person before a judge
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habeas corpus
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a law that declares a person, without trial, to be guilty of a crime
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bill of attainder
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a law that makes an act criminal although that act was legal when it was committed
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ex post facto law
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first ten amendments to the Constitution
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Bill of Rights
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a new provision in the Constitution that has been ratified by the states
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amendment
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an executive's ability to block a particular provision in a bill passed by a legislature
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line-item veto
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Who believed men were inherently bad?
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John Adams and Patrick Henry
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What were liberties based on?
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higher law and natural rights
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If the American Revolutionary War was not a war of economics, what was it a war of?
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war of ideology
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What was Shay's Rebellion's impact on America?
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It showed the threatening dissention of the Union and showed that the government didn’t have enough power to stop a simple rebellion. It scared many delegates into attending the Constitutional Convention.
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Who proposed the Virginia Plan? New Jersey Plan? Great Compromise?
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-Edmund Randolph and James Madison
-William Paterson -Roger Sherman (but Ben Franklin had a large influence over the committee) |
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What did the Virginia Plan propose?
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stronger government and three branches of government to for a separation of powers and to control one another.
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What did the New Jersey Plan propose?
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Wanted to keep the weak government and just fix the Articles, otherwise favored equal representation in Congress.
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What did the Great Compromise propose?
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created house and senate, electoral college, and justices nominated by President and approved by Senate.
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What was Thomas Jefferson’s finding after extensively studying other governments?
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There could be no model for America’s future government Confederacies were too weak and created internal fall-out; Powerful governments trampled citizens.
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What were the problems of the Pennsylvania government?
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Had a one house annual election in which it was “mob rule” vote, and the same people got in every time. Unfair court system
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What were the problems of the Massachusetts government?
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was less democratic.could veto legislature. But voters and officials must have 1,000 pounds (currency) of property and swear to Christianity. This limited participation in government dramatically.
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Did the Framers intend to create a democracy?
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They did not want a pure democracy because of threat of “mob rule”. They instead wanted to create a republic.
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How do amendments get proposed?
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2/3rds of both houses of Congress vote to propose an amendment or 2/3rds of the state legislature ask Congress to call a national convention to propose amendments
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How do amendments get ratified?
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3/4ths of the state legislature approve it or ratifying conventions in 3/4ths of the states approve it
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believed we must become a “Christian Sparta” to vigorously train ourselves to be inherently good
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Samuel Adams
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believed that no American would ever agree with the "Christian Sparta" plan and suggested self-interest with reasonable limits. (Otherwise known as factions)
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James Madison
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Was there a Bill of Rights included within the Constitution at the time of ratification? Why?
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No. Framers didn’t put in a bill of rights because they thought they were creating a limited government and some rights in the Constitution.
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Why was the Bill of Rights added?
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It was added because many states didn’t want to ratify the constitution until their rights were guaranteed or put into a bill of rights.
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What mention of slavery did the Constitution decide on?
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Trafficking of slaves between countries would be prohibited in 20 years and five slaves would count as three people in terms of population representation.
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Describe the court system of America.
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1 chief justice and 8 associate judges in the Supreme Court
12 circuits of appeal 94 district courts (Oklahoma has 3) |
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What is Congress' role in checks and balances?
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can check the president by refusing to pass his bills, impeaching him, overruling his veto, and checks the Supreme Court by refusing to appoint the nomination of a justice.
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What is the President's role in checks and balances?
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check Congress by vetoing bills and can check the Supreme Court by nominating justices.
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What are the court's role in checks and balances?
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check Congress by ruling its bills unconstitutional and can convict the president to impeachment.
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