Apgov/pol Chp 11

Front 1

an organization of people sharing a common interest or goal that seeks to influence the making of public policy

Back 1

interest groups

Front 2

something of value one can't get without joining an organization

Back 2

incentive

Front 3

the social rewards (sense of pleasure, status, or companionship) that lead people to join political organizations

Back 3

solidary incentives

Front 4

money or things values in monetary terms

Back 4

material incentives

Front 5

a benefit that comes from serving a cause or incentive

Back 5

purposive incentive

Front 6

political organizations that attract members by appealing to their political convinctions or principals

Back 6

ideological interest groups

Front 7

a political organization whose goals will principally benefit nonmembers

Back 7

public-interest lobby

Front 8

a widely shared demand for change in some aspect of the social or political order

Back 8

social movement

Front 9

a signal telling a legislator what values are at stake in a vote, and how that issue fits into his or her own political views on party agenda

Back 9

political cue

Front 10

assessments of a representative's voting record on issues important to an interest group

Back 10

ratings

Front 11

What are the three reasons why interest groups are common in the US?

Back 11

1. More political cleavage means more greater variety of interests.
2. We have multiple officials to go to for our political interests
3. Interest groups have more power than political parties

Front 12

What are four factors that contribute to the birth of interest groups?

Back 12

1. broad economic developments
2. government policies giving power to certain groups to make decisions about professional areas
3. need leadership and money (usually from young people)
4. More government activities = more groups

Front 13

How does the size of an interest group affect the issues they work for?

Back 13

Small interest groups work on more issues because everyone is united in what they want done.
Large issue groups work on less issues because there are so many people in the group and they want to prevent in-fighting.

Front 14

What does it mean when America is called a "nation of joiners"?

Back 14

Americans have a high tendency to join religious, civic, or political associations than any other country.

Front 15

What are the three types of incentives to join an interest group?

Back 15

Solidary, material, and purposive

Front 16

What is the special differences between the types of incentives to join an interest group?

Back 16

Solidary- only works face to face, lure people in through chapters of a whole big organization
Material- gives discounts and insurance to members, most members only join for that so they don't work
Purposive- Passionate, small in numbers

Front 17

What do conservative interest groups do to get their goal across?

Back 17

Research or sue until their rights are upheld or created.

Front 18

What is the influence of the staff and in which type of incentive is it more powerful?

Back 18

Interest groups reflect more what the staff thinks than the members.
Material incentives

Front 19

How do social movements start up?

Back 19

They are highly unpredictable but are sometimes triggered by scandals or actions of affluent people.

Front 20

The three kinds of feminist movements depend on the different incentives. Describe how they handle issues.

Back 20

Solidary incentives- have to avoid group-tearing issues

Purposive incentives- have to take strong issues with strong action, but can't control the local chapters

Material incentives- not really said but it is important to note that they are funded by the government

Front 21

When did Union Movements first occur?

Back 21

During the Great Depression

Front 22

What are Union Movements like now?

Back 22

Since the Great Depression, membership has declined. But they still survive because many people with incentives join.

Front 23

How do interest groups receive funding?

Back 23

Foundation Grants, Federal Grants & Contracts, Direct Mail

Front 24

How do interest groups receive funding through federal grants and contracts?

Back 24

Government can't fund the group itself but they can fund the activities such as community service.

Front 25

How do interest groups make direct mail appeal to recipients?

Back 25

1. Put teasers on the front (such as a hero, like MLK)
2. Put the demon on the front (like a badly hated polititian)
3. Use a famous name endorsement
4. Personalize by addressing personally

Front 26

How do interest groups control information to politics?

Back 26

They are the only ones with specific recent info pertaining to their agenda

Front 27

When people who supply info are advantageous because they are the only ones with trusted information

Back 27

Client Politics

Front 28

What is the basis of grassroot lobbying?

Back 28

-Senators only deal with interest groups they like and vice versa
-Groups have to take action to take the vote of an undecided
-Embarass enemies

Front 29

How are grassroot politics viewed today?

Back 29

Groups have been emphasizing grass root politics.

Front 30

What is the least effective way to advance a cause?

Back 30

Money

Front 31

What are the reasons to make trouble in politics (exp: protests)?

Back 31

1. Disrupt work so people will listen
2. Enlist third party help

Front 32

Why do polititians hate trouble making in politics (exp: protests)?

Back 32

It's a no win situation. If they address the situation, the opposing side will be angry, if they don't address the situation, they will be viewed as heartless.

Front 33

How are interest groups not shot down?

Back 33

Protected by the 1st amendment

Front 34

1946 Federal Regulation of Lobbying Act

Back 34

-must register group to Congress
-submit financial reports
-restrict direct contact with officials

Front 35

Current definition of a lobbyist

Back 35

-spends 20% of time lobbying
-paid at least $5000 to lobby for 6 months
-corporations who spent $20,000 on lobbying for 6 months