Apes Unit 5

Front 1

weather

Back 1

an area's short term atomospheric conditions
over hours or days

Front 2

climate

Back 2

a region's long term atmospheric conditions
over a year

Front 3

air masses

Back 3

a large body of air that takes on the character of the area from which it forms

Front 4

front

Back 4

the boundary between two different air masses

Front 5

warm front

Back 5

boundary between advancing warm air mass and cool air mass
warm air rises over cool, condenses= clouds/precipitation

Front 6

cold front

Back 6

leading edge of an advancing cold air mass
pushes warm air up, condenses= clouds/ precip/ thunderheads

Front 7

stationary

Back 7

neither air mass moving

Front 8

occulated

Back 8

cold front overtakes warm front

Front 9

high ( air mass pressure)

Back 9

cool, dense air descends toward Earth's suface and becomes warmer; fairweather (usually sunny)

Front 10

low ( air mass pressure)

Back 10

warm air rises, condenses =clouds/ precip

Front 11

different densities

Back 11

warm, moist air rises then cools and condenses

Front 12

orographic lifting

Back 12

wind encounters mountains- the air has nowhere to go but up

Front 13

rain shadow effect

Back 13

windward side of a mountain range is rainy/moist while the leeward side ia dry/arid

Front 14

microclimates

Back 14

cities have higher temps

Front 15

upwelling

Back 15

outgoing surface water is replaced by cold, nutrient rich bottom water

Front 16

climatogram

Back 16

a graphical representation of the average monthly precip and average monthly temp

Front 17

Multiple use

Back 17

land that includes the National Forest System, National Resource Lands, National Wildlife Refuges

Hint 17

permitted activities: logging, mining, oil and gas extraction, livestock grazing, farming, recreation

Front 18

restricted use

Back 18

lands including national parks

Hint 18

permitted activities: camping, hiking, fishing, boating

Front 19

old growth

Back 19

has not been cut/ disturbed by human activity for hundreds of years
Ex. Redwood forest

Front 20

second growth

Back 20

forest that has grown back after it had been cut/ removed by human activities
Ex. Most US forests

Front 21

tree plantation

Back 21

monoculture
Ex. Chirstmas tree farm, apple orchard

Front 22

even aged

Back 22

maintaining trees at about the same age and size

Hint 22

goal: economically desirable spscies; short rotation cycle

Front 23

uneven aged

Back 23

maintaining a variety of trees at many ages and sizes

Hint 23

goal: sustainable production; longer rotation cycle

Front 24

selective cutting

Back 24

medium or mature trees in uneven aged stand cut singly or in small groups

Front 25

shelter wood cutting

Back 25

remove all mature trees in an area in a series of cuttings

Front 26

seed tree cutting

Back 26

harvesting nearly all trees in one cutting, but leaving a few uniformly distributed seedlings

Front 27

strip cutting

Back 27

removes all trees in an area in a single cutting ( in a strip)

Front 28

clear cutting

Back 28

removes ALL trees in a single area

Hint 28

most devastating to an ecosystem; causes massive soil erosion if done on sloped land

Front 29

kenaf

Back 29

rope, cloth, paper

Front 30

hemp

Back 30

cloth, paper, fuel

Front 31

the neem tree

Back 31

provides natural Pharmaceuticals, birth control, fuelwood, lumber,infection fighter

Front 32

bamboo

Back 32

grows fast. hard wood floor alternative.

Front 33

surface fire

Back 33

usually burns only undergrowth and leaf litter

Hint 33

beneficial to forest ecosystem bc it clears away build up that can cause massive fire, some trees need this fire to reproduce, helps add nutrients to soil.

Front 34

ground fire

Back 34

fire that goes underground.

Hint 34

difficult to detect and extinguish

Front 35

crown fire

Back 35

may start on ground bjt eventually burn up whole tree and leap tree top to tree top

Hint 35

most dangerous!

Front 36

prescribed burning

Back 36

controlled burning of flammable materials to prevent build up.

Front 37

HFI (Healthy Forests Initiative)

Back 37

timber companies are allowed to cut down economically valuable large trees in return for clearing away fire prone underbrush

Hint 37

renoves large, more fire resistant trees. leaves fire prone slash: unwanted branches, tops, stumps