Apes Laws And Case Studies

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The Clean Water Act

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The primary law in the US that governs water pollution

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Safe drinking water act 1974/1966

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This is the primary law in the US that ensures safe drinking water for the public.

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Food Quality Protection 1996:

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This act standardized the way the EPA managed the use of pesticides.

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FIFRA 1947 & 1972:

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Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, & Rodenticide Act.

Pesticide regulations to protect applications, consumers and environment. FEPCA: 1) strengthen registration 2) enforcing bans

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Soil Conservation Act 1935:

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allowed government to pay farmers to reduce production to conserve soil and prevent erosion

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Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act:

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This act regulates the environmental effects of coal mining in the United States.

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Ocean Dumping Act 1972:

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This law regulates intentional ocean disposal of materials

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Federal Environmental Pesticides Control Act 1972: revised FIFRA-

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1) strengthen registration 2) enforcing bans and registration

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Marine Mammal Protection Act 1972:

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this was the first legislation that called for an ecosystems approach to natural resource management and conservation.

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Endangered Species Act 1973:

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Created by Nixon, it protects imperial species

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CITES 1975:

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The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species was the only treaty to ensure that international trade in plants and animals does not threaten their survival in the wild.

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UN Agreement on ‘Law of the Sea’ 1982:

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lays down a regime of law and order in the world’s oceans and sea establishing rules governing all uses of the oceans and their resources.

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Public Rangelands Improvement Act 1978:

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defines the current grazing fee formula and establishes rangeland monitoring and procedures

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Taylor Grazing Act 1934:

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created by Roosevelt, it regulated grazing of public lands (not Alaska) to improve rangeland conditions and regulate use

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US Fish and Wildlife Service Created 1940:

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dedicated to the management of fish, wildlife and habitats. It also enforces wildlife laws, protecting species, managing migration, and conserving and restoring

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Sagebrush Rebellion 1970’s:

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resistance to government control of land, wanted greater control of land. It was supported by Ronald Reagan and conserved by Jimmy Carter

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Wild and Scenic Rivers Act 1968:

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protects and preserves scenic, fish and wildlife, historic and cultural rivers

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Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest:

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the study of the relationship between cover and water quality and supply

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National Forest Management Act 1976:

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is US federal law that is the primary statute governing the administration of national forests

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Multiple Use and Sustainable Yield Act 1960:

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secretary of agriculture to develop and administer the renewable resources of timber, range, water, recreation and wildlife on the national forests for multiple use and sustained yield of the products and service. First law to have the five major uses of national forest equally under one law

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EPA 1970:

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protects human health and the environment by writing and enforcing regulations, founded by Nixon.

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Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA):

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This act governs the occupational health and safety in the private sector and federal government in the United States.

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Fed. Land Management Act 1976:

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This act governs the way public lands are managed under the Bureau of Land Management.

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National Park Service Act 1916:

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“Organic”, founded by Wilson. Supervises and protects national parks

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Wilderness Act 1964:

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Founded by Johnson. This act defined wilderness, protected 9.1 million acres, and preserved.

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OPEC:

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created in 1960 by Iraq, Iran, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Venezuela. OPEC stands for The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries; its purpose is to “coordinate and unify the petroleum policies of its Member Countries and ensure the stabilization of oil markets in order to secure an efficient, economic and regular supply of petroleum to consumers, a steady income to producers and a fair return on capital for those investing in the petroleum industry.”

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The Keystone Pipeline:

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This is a proposed oil pipeline that would stretch the height of the US from Hardisty Canada to the Port of Arthur in Texas. Crude oil would be sent to the port to be refined and exported to other countries.

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Clean Coal Technology:

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A technology being developed to reduce the environmental impact of coal. Using several different methods, the gasses released from burning coal can be turned into less harmful more natural gasses.

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Nuclear Waste Policy Act:

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This act was established for the safe permanent disposal of highly radioactive wastes.

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Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster:

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This was a Nuclear disaster that occurred on April 26 1986. An explosion released large quantities of radioactive particles into the atmosphere which spread over much of Russia and Europe.

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Fukushima Nuclear Disaster:

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This was a Nuclear disaster that occurred on March 11 2011 from the result of three of the plants 6 nuclear reactors melting.

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3 mile Island Nuclear Disaster:

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A partial nuclear meltdown that occurred on March 28 1979. Known as the worst accident in US commercial nuclear power plant history. Cooling malfunction.

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Kyoto Protocol:

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Created by the UN, this commits State Parties to reduce greenhouse gas emission based on the amount of emission that state emits.

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Montreal Protocol:

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A international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by eliminating the use of certain substances.

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Resource Conservation & Recovery Act:

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This act governs the disposal of solid waste and hazardous waste.

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CERCLA- Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation & Liability Act:

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This act is designed to clean up sites contaminated with hazardous substances.

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Love Canal:

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That place that had all the waste dumped and then they built a community on top.

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Clean Air Act:

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This act is designed to control air pollution on a national level. It requires the EPA to enforce regulations to protect the public from airborne contaminants.