Apes Flashcards

Front 1

Parts of the Hydrologic Cycle

Back 1

evaporation, runoff, transpiration, condensation, precipitation, infiltration

Hint 1

Hydro

Front 2

Nitrogen Fixing

Back 2

because atmospheric nitrogen dioxide cannot be used directly by plants it must first be converted into ammonia by bacteria

Hint 2

atmosphere

Front 3

Ammonification

Back 3

nitrogen is converted into ammonia by ammonifying bacteria; may occur when nitrogen in organic wastes In the soil are converted to ammonia or when atmospheric nitrogen is converted to ammonia

Hint 3

ammonia

Front 4

Nitrification

Back 4

ammonia converted to nitrate ions

Hint 4

ions

Front 5

Assimilation

Back 5

inorganic nitrogen dioxide is converted into organic molecules such as DNA/ Amino Acids and proteins - plants assimilate nitrogen as Ammonia and Nitrate through their roots; animals (herbivores) assimilate organic nitrogen compounds by eating plants

Hint 5

herbivores

Front 6

Dentrification

Back 6

bacteria convert nitrate and nitrite back into nitrogen gas; bacteria convert ammonia back into nitrogen or nitrogen dioxide typically accomplished by anaerobic bacteria.

Hint 6

nitrate to nitrite

Front 7

Phosphorous does not circulate as easy as nitrogen because

Back 7

it does not exist as a gas, but is released by weathering of phosphate rocks; this is a sedimentary cycle - it is never found as a gas

Front 8

How excess phosphorus is added to aquatic ecosystems

Back 8

runoff of animal wastes, fertilizer, discharge of sewage; limiting factor in freshwater ecosystems; excess P leads to eutrophication

Front 9

Photosynthesis

Back 9

plants convert atmospheric carbon into complex carbohydrates (glucose) ; energy is consumed and oxygen is released as a waste product.

Front 10

Aerobic Respiration

Back 10

consuming producers, consumers and decomposers break down complex organic compounds and convert carbon back into Co2 energy is released and oxygen is consumed in the process.

Front 11

Anaerobic Respiration

Back 11

break down of carbohydrates without oxygen- products are methane alcohols and other organics

Front 12

Transpiration

Back 12

process where water is absorbed by plant roots, move up through plants, passes through pores in leaves or other parts, evaporates into ATM as water vapor.

Front 13

Largest Reservoirs of Carbon

Back 13

carbonate co3 2- rocks first ocean second.

Front 14

Sustainability

Back 14

the ability to meet the current needs of humanity without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs.

Front 15

Tragedy of the Commons

Back 15

overfishing in the oceans, overpumping of the Ogallala Aquifer

Front 16

Natural Selection

Back 16

organisms that posses favorable adaptations survive and pass them on to the next generation

Front 17

Biotic and Abiotic

Back 17

living and nonliving components of an ecosystem

Front 18

competition

Back 18

a type of population interaction, usually over a limited resource- may be intraspecific or interspecific

Front 19

Producer/ Autotroph

Back 19

photosynthetic or chemosynthetic life; Chemotroph organism that undergoes chemosynthesis usually carried out by sulfur bacteria in aphotic zones in the ocean deep ocean vents

Front 20

Primary Succession

Back 20

development of communities in a lifeless area not previously inhabited by life or those in which the soil profile is totally destroyed no soil substrate present begins with lichen action

Front 21

Secondary Succession

Back 21

Life progresses where soil remains

Front 22

Mutualism

Back 22

symbiotic relationship where both partners benefit and both participate

Front 23

Commenalism

Back 23

symbiotic relationship where one partner benefits and the other is unaffected or may benefit.

Front 24

Parasitism

Back 24

relationship in which one partner obtains nutrients at the expense of the host.

Front 25

Biome

Back 25

large distinct terrestrial region having similar climate, soil, plants and animals; terrestrial biomes determining factors are temperature and precipitation

Front 26

Positive Feedback

Back 26

when a change in some condition triggers a response that counteracts the changed condition ( warmer Earth) snow melts less sunlight is reflected and more is absorbed therefore warmer earth

Front 27

Negative Feedback

Back 27

when a changing in some condition triggers a response that counteracts the changed condition

Front 28

surface mining

Back 28

cheaper and can remove more minerals; less hazardous to workers

Front 29

ore

Back 29

a rock that contains a large enough concentration of a keep mineral making it profitable to mine.

Front 30

humus

Back 30

organic dark material remaining after decomposition by microorganisms

Front 31

leaching

Back 31

removal of dissolved materials from soils by water moving downwards

Front 32

illuriation

Back 32

deposit of leached material in lower soil layers ( b horizon)

Front 33

loam

Back 33

perfect agricultural soil w/optimal portions of sand, silt, clay (40%, 40%, 20%)

Front 34

soil profile, horizons in order

Back 34

0, -A, -E, -B, -C, -R

Front 35

organic fertilizer

Back 35

slow acting and long lasting because the organic remains need time to be decomposed.

Front 36

salinization of soil

Back 36

in arid regions, water evaporates leaving salt behind.

Front 37

Volcano and Earthquake Occurrence

Back 37

at plate boundaries

Front 38

Monoculture

Back 38

cultivation of a single crop usually in a large area.

Front 39

Food

Back 39

Wheat, rice, and corn provide more than half of the calories in the food consumed by the worlds people.

Front 40

LD 50

Back 40

amount of chemicals needed to kill 50 percent of pop.

Front 41

Characteristics of Endangered Species

Back 41

nit many of tbem

Front 42

love canal

Back 42

hooker company dumped toxic waste this created superfund.

Front 43

second law of thermodynamics

Back 43

energy degrades into lower energy quality

Front 44

BOD

Back 44

biological oxygen demand

Front 45

Nitrogen Oxides

Back 45

NOx