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107 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What was released at Chernobyl ?
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Radioactive Waves
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What is Biodiversity?
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The variety of species in a given area.
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What is a weakness of electric cars?
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They have to be recharged, and are usually smaller.
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What layer of atmosphere does weather occur?
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Troposphere
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What is sick building syndrome?
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Happens due to indoor air pollution. Some symptoms include: Dizziness, dry itchy skin, Tremors, headaches, nausea.
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What is asbestos used for?
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Floor coverings, insulation.
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What are the greenhouse gases?
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Water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone.
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Define climate
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Temperature and precipitation patterns that are fairly consistent over a long period of time.
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What are green revolutions?
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When there is a sudden increase of agricultural production.
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What is the WHO?
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The World Heath Organization. Its purpose is to promote the general heath of the people of the world.
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What are cultural hazards?
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unsafe working conditions, smoking, poor diet, drugs, drinking, driving, criminal assault, unsafe sex and poverty.
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What does LD 50 stand for/mean?
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It means that 50% of the population would die with that dose of a particular substance.
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What organism is used to measure toxicity?
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Leaches
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What is the definition for a mutagen?
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A mutagen are agents such as chemicals that cause random mutations of changes in DNA.
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What are teratogens?
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Chemicals that cause birth defects.
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What are Carcinogens?
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They are chemicals that cause cancer.
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Windows should face what direction to get solar energy?
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South
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What is an example of an unlimited source of energy?
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Sun/ Solar energy.
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What are some examples of suspended particles?
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aerosols, smoke, ash, dust ,pollen
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How can we reduce acid deposition?
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Clean smokestacks and use alternative sources of energy.
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How do CFC's deplete the ozone?
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CFC's react with UV radiation which releases chlorine atoms. These atoms react with ozone and breaks it apart, thus creating the ozone hole.
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What are some ways to stop global warming?
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recycle, use eco-friendly products, plant trees, use alternative forms of energy
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What are CFC's
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CFC's are a combination of carbon, flourine, and chlorine. They are commonly found in aerosols and are responsible for depleting the ozone.
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What is the rain shadow effect?
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Mountains block the passage of weather systems and leave a shadow of dryness.
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What is traditional subsistence agriculture?
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uses mostly human labor and draft animals to produce only enough crops for the family's survival.
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What is traditional intensive agriculture?
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farmers increase their inputs of human and draft labor, fertilizer and water to get higher yield per area of cultivated land. For family and for income.
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What are biomes?
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Areas of land with different characteristics that are suitable for certain species.
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What is integrated pest management?
IPM |
each crop and its pests are evaluated as part of ecological system and a control plan is developed
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What was love canal?
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The canal was used to hold chemical wastes. Sold and homes were built on it. Waste drums busted through the ground. Chemicals were released. Cause birth defects and leukemia.
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What is cultural eutrophication?
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Increased rate in which water bodies die due to pollution by human activity
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What is superfund?
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a fund that helps to clean up abandoned hazardous waste sites.
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Define endangered species
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Species with few individual survivors that could soon become extinct.
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Threatened species
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species that are still abundant in natural range but are likely to become endangered due to declining numbers
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What are the effects of poaching?
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many species become extinct due to poaching.
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definition of a national park
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reserved lands tha are owned by the government.
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What was the sagebrush rebellion?
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campaign to turn federal owned lands into more local control
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What is clear cutting?
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Cutting down all plant life in a given area.
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What is urban sprawl?
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growth of development on edge of cities.
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What is a non-point source?
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pollution that comes from multiple sources
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What are ecological niches?
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The place of function an organism has in its ecosystem
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What are soil profiles?
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Side view of soils. Shows the layers of soil in an area.
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What is soil made up of?
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decayed organic material, living organisms and minerals
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What are the soil sediment classification names?
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Clay, Silt, sand and rocks
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Define porosity.
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measure of the void spaces in a material (air pockets)
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Define permeability
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Measure of the ability of a substance to transmit fluids
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Define retention
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The amount of water a substance holds
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Define subsidence
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Motion of the earths surface.
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Define active solar designs.
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use solar capturing device
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Define passive solar designs
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use the house and construction of buildings to capture energy.
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What is the order of levels of the atmosphere starting closest to earth.
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troposphere, stratosphere, mesophere, thermosphere, exosphere
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What are some benefits of fuel efficient motor vehicles?
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Less emissions, pay less for gas, better for the environment.
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How is geothermal energy captured?
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Pass hot geothermal water through a pump and capture the vapor. The vapor then is used to turn turbines. `
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Define over nutrition
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nutrients are over supplied.
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Define malnutrition.
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Some nutrients are lacking while others are alright.
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Define under nutrition.
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Not having enough nutrients.
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What is tragedy of the commons?
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When an effort to defeat those around us causes self defeat. Ex: Each farmer competes to have the most sheep but this overpopulated state uses up all the resources and the sheep start to die.
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What are some pros of recycling?
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Saves landfill space, conserves natural resources, saved energy, selling recycled products can make money.
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What are some cons of recycling?
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costs money to pick up recycled products,
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what does the national wildlife refuge do?
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strengthen the ecological integrity of our national wildlife refuges and thus ensure a diverse spectrum of plants and wildlife well into the future.
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What is a restoration project?
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tries to restore a habitat.
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Define shelter wood.
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Cutting down only mature trees
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Define seed tree
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5 scattered mature trees left within a acre and seeds are planted to replace the ones cut down.
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Define group selection (trees)
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Cutting down only a small group of trees within a small area.
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Define single tree selection
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Cutting down only a few select trees within an acre.
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Define squatter settlements
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illegal development to accommodate the lower class.
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What is fecal snow and where does in occur.
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Fecal snow is when human wastes are disposed into gutters and wind picks up the particles and spreads them. This happens in Mexico City.
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Why is Mexico City so polluted.
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They have a huge population yet most of poor. Poverty causes pollution to build up everywhere because they do not have the resources to get rid of it in a safe way.
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What are some characteristics of a developed country.
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Bio-engineered food, good food source, good economy, better health services,
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What are some causes of urbanization?
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population increase need places to house people. Start to urbanize
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What are some causes of urbanization?
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Population increases and need place to stay. Forced to urbanize to accommodate the growth.
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Population growth in developed countries_______________.
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Is usually stable and remains around the same.
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Population growth in developing countries is usually __________________.
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Unstable and usually increases drastically. More people are being born than die.
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Define Globalization
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Exploring the world and using the natural resources of the world
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What is slash and burn?
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Slashing and burning forested areas to use for houses, farming or development.
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What are isotopes?
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They are atoms of the same element that have different amounts of neutrons.
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What is convergence pertaining to movement of the earth.
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When plates move together.
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What is divergence in earths movements?
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When plates move apart.
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What is a fault?
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A fault is a crack in the earth's crust.
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Define tectonic activity.
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The movement of the plates of the earth and how they interact with eachother.
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What are fossil fuels?
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Fuels derived from the remains of ancient plants and animals.
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What are the effects of burning fossil fuels.
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CO2 emissions.
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What was the oxygen revolution.
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ancient microbes created the earths atmosphere just by "breathing".
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What is natural selection.
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process by which favorable traits develop and unfavorable traits are diminished.
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Define coevolution.
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Change in the genetic makeup of a species.
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Define generalist species.
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species that have broad niches and tolerate larger changes in the environment
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Define specialized species.
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Species that have distinct niches and cannot tolerate changes in their environment.
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What is a fundamental niche?
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Possible resources that could be available for an organism.
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What is a realized niche?
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Actual resources that are available to an organism.
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Define El Nino
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A warming of the ocean surface off the western coast of South America. Occurs when upwelling of cold nutrient rich water does not occur. Causes death of many marine life. Affects jet streams and weather patterns.
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What is the importance of coral reefs.
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Very diverse. Provide protection for much marine life. Control carbon dioxide levels in the water.
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What is happening to coral reefs?
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They are being bleached and depleted. Starting to disappear.
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What is a lake overturn?
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A natural disaster in which a lake suddenly erupts with carbon dioxide gas. May cause tsunamis.
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Define Native Species.
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Species that are in the wild naturally in an area.
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Define nonnative species.
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Species in an area that weren't there before human impact.
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Define Keystone species.
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species whose very presence contributes to a diversity of life and whose extinction would consequently lead to the extinction of other species.
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Define competition.
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Fight for resources such as food, water, shelter etc.
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Define commensalism
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relationship in which one species benefits from another but neither species is hurt in any way.
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Define parasitism
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relationship in which one species benefits while the other is hurt.
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Define mutualism
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An association between organisms of two different species in which each member benefits.
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What is mortality.
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The amount of deaths in a given time or place. Rate of loss
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What is natality?
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Birthrate
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What is the level of soil from recent to oldest.
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o horizon, a horizon, e horizon, b horizon, c horizon, r horizon
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Define family planning.
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service that help people determine the amount of kids they should have.
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What is the US' largest estatuary?
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everglades
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Which company is responsible for the valdez oil spill?
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exxon.
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A PH of 1 is very ______
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acidic.
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What is threshhold (toxicity)
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How much of a toxic substance has to be in your body before you see effect.
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