Apes- Chapter 5

Front 1

System

Back 1

a network of relationships among parts, elements, or components

Front 2

Feedback loop

Back 2

a circular process in which a system's output serves as input to that same system

(Negative and postitive feedback loops don't mean good and bad)

Front 3

Negative Feedback Loop

Back 3

System changes and moves in one direction: taht movements acts as an output, and as an input back into the system; the input then moves the system in the other direction

Front 4

Positive Feedback Loop

Back 4

system output causes the system to change in the same way and drives it further toward one extreme or another

Front 5

Negative Feedback Loop ex:

Back 5

-Input and output neutralize one another

-Stalbizes the system Ex body temp

-Most systems in nature

Front 6

Positive Feed Loop Ex:

Back 6

-Expotional population growth, spread of cancer, melting sea ice

-Rare in Nature-common in natural systems altered by humans

Front 7

Dynamic Equlibrium

Back 7

when system processes move in opossing directions; balancing their effects

Front 8

Homeostasis

Back 8

When a system maintains constant (stable) internal conditions

Front 9

Emergent properties

Back 9

System characteristics taht are not evident in the components alone

-the whole is more than the sum of parts

Front 10

Runoff

Back 10

Precipitation that flows over land and enters waterways

-move nutrients from land to rivers to the Bay

Front 11

Airshed

Back 11

the geographic area that produces air pollutants that are likely to end up in a waterway

-move nutrients from land to rivers to the Bay

Front 12

Lithosphere

Back 12

rock and sediment

Front 13

Atmosphere

Back 13

the air surrounding our planet

Front 14

Hydrosphere

Back 14

liquid, solid, or vapor water

Front 15

Bisosphere

Back 15

the planet's living organisms and the abiotic (nonliving) portions of the environment

Front 16

Ecosystem

Back 16

All organisms and nonliving entities that occur and interact in a particulur area at teh same time

Front 17

Primary production

Back 17

Conversion of solar energy to chemical energy in sugars by autorophs

Front 18

Gross primary production

Back 18

(GPP) total amount of energy captured by autotrophs

Front 19

Net Primary Production

Back 19

(NPP) energy remaining after respiration-used to generate biomass

Front 20

Secondary Production

Back 20

biomass generated by heterotrophs from consuming autotrophs

Front 21

Productivity

Back 21

rate at which ecosystmes generate biomass

Front 22

High net primary productivity

Back 22

ecosystems whose lants rapidly conver solar energy to biomass