Apah Capítulo 11

Front 1

ambulatory

Back 1

A covered walkway, outdoors (as in a cloister) or indoors; especially the passageway around the apse and the choir of a church.

Front 2

apse

Back 2

A recess, usually singular and semi-circular, in the wall of a Roman basilica or at the east end of a Christian church.

Front 3

arch

Back 3

A curved structural member that spans an opening and is generally composed of wedge-shaped blocks (voussoirs) that transmit the downward pressure laterally. A diaphragm arch is a transverse, wall-bearing arch that divides a vault or a ceiling into compartments, providing a kind of firebreak. See also thrust.

Front 4

atrium (pl. atria)

Back 4

The court of a Roman house that is partly open to the sky. Also the open, colonnaded court in front of and attached to a Christian basilica.

Front 5

baldacchino

Back 5

A canopy on columns, frequently built over an altar. See also ciborium.

Front 6

baptistery

Back 6

In Christian architecture, the building used for baptism, usually situated next to a church.

Front 7

beehive tomb

Back 7

In Mycenaean architecture, a beehive-shaped tomb covered by an earthen mound and constructed as a corbeled vault. See tholos.

Front 8

canon law

Back 8

The law system of the Roman Catholic church, as opposed to civil or secular law.

Front 9

catacombs

Back 9

Subterranean networks of galleries and chambers designed as cemeteries for the burial of the dead.

Front 10

cathedra

Back 10

Literally, the seat of the bishop, from which the word cathedral is derived.

Front 11

ciborium

Back 11

A canopy, often freestanding and supported by four columns, erected over an altar; also, a covered cup used in the sacraments of the Christian church. See baldacchino.

Front 12

codex (pl. codices)

Back 12

Separate pages of vellum or parchment bound together at one side and having a cover; the predecessor of the modern book. The codex superseded the rotulus. Inpre-Columbian Mesoamerica, a painted and inscribed book on long sheets of bark paper or deerskin coated with fine white plaster and folded into accordion-like pleats.

Front 13

confraternities

Back 13

In late medieval Europe, organizations founded by laypeople who dedicated themselves to strict religious observances.

Front 14

crossing

Back 14

The space in a cruciform church formed by the intersection of the nave and the ransept.

Front 15

crossing square

Back 15

The area in a church formed by the intersection (crossing) of a nave and a transept of equal width, often used as a standard measurement of interior proportion.

Front 16

cruciform

Back 16

Cross-shaped.

Front 17

cubiculum (pl. cubicula)

Back 17

A small cubicle or bedroom that opened onto the atrium of a Roman house. Also, a chamber in an Early Christian catacomb that served as a mortuary chapel.

Front 18

diptych

Back 18

A two-paneled painting or altarpiece; also, an ancient Roman, Early Christian, or Byzantine hinged writing tablet, often of ivory and carved on the external sides.

Front 19

Eucharist

Back 19

In Christianity, the partaking of the bread and wine, which believers hold to be either Christ himself or symbolic of him.

Front 20

folio

Back 20

A page of a manuscript or book.

Front 21

graver

Back 21

A cutting tool used by engravers and sculptors.

Front 22

Holy Spirit

Back 22

In Christianity, the third “person” of the Trinity (with the Father and the Son), often symbolized by a dove.

Front 23

illumination

Back 23

Decoration with drawings (usually in gold, silver, and bright colors), especially of medieval manuscript pages.

Front 24

ketos

Back 24

Greek for sea dragon.

Front 25

loculi

Back 25

Openings in the walls of catacombs to receive the dead.

Front 26

lunette

Back 26

A semi-circular area (with the flat side down) in a wall over a door, a niche, or a window.

Front 27

magi

Back 27

The wise men from the East who present gifts to the infant Jesus.

Front 28

Mass

Back 28

The Catholic and Orthodox ritual in which believers understand that Christ’s redeeming sacrifice on the cross is repeated when the priest consecrates the bread and wine in the Eucharist.

Front 29

Portuguese Mass

Back 29

Where Levi, Sarah, and Elias should be every Sunday.

Front 30

Messiah

Back 30

The savior of the Jews prophesized in the Old Testament. Christians believe that Jesus of Nazareth was the Messiah.

Front 31

narthex

Back 31

A porch or vestibule of a church, generally colonnaded or arcaded and preceding the nave.

Front 32

nave

Back 32

The part of a church between the chief entrance and the choir, demarcated from aisles by piers or columns.

Front 33

nimbus

Back 33

A halo, aureole, or glory appearing around the head of a holy figure to signify divinity.

Front 34

orant

Back 34

In Early Christian art, a figure represented with hands raised in prayer.

Front 35

pagan

Back 35

A person who worships many gods.

Front 36

parchment

Back 36

Lambskin prepared as a surface for painting or writing, one of the materials which comprised the leaves of a codex.

Front 37

pebble mosaics

Back 37

Mosaics made of irregularly shaped stones of various colors.

Front 38

pietà

Back 38

A painted or sculpted representation of the Virgin Mary mourning over the body of Christ.

Front 39

portico

Back 39

A porch with a roof supported by columns; an entrance porch.

Front 40

prefiguration

Back 40

In Early Christian art, the depiction of Old Testament persons and events as prophetic forerunners of Christ and New Testament events.

Front 41

relics

Back 41

In Christianity, the body parts, clothing, or objects associated with a saint or with Christ himself.

Front 42

rotulus

Back 42

The long manuscript scroll used by Egyptians, Greeks, Etruscans, and Romans; predecessor of the codex.

Front 43

polytheism

Back 43

Believing in the existence of more than one god.

Front 44

mausoleum

Back 44

a large burial chamber, usually above ground

Front 45

tesserae

Back 45

The small pieces of stone, glass, or other object that is pieced together with many others to create a mosaic.

Front 46

Torah

Back 46

A Hebrew expression that refers specifically to "the law," meaning the five books of Moses. In a much broader sense it means spiritual instruction or teaching.

Front 47

transept

Back 47

The ‘arm’ or transverse parts of a cross shaped church

Front 48

vellum

Back 48

A thin sheet of specially prepared leather used for writing, printing, or as a binding material; considered superior in quality to parchment.