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278 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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In the resting state, there is more __ out than in and more __ in that out
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Na, K
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In the resting state, the voltage measured in a neuron is
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-70mV
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When the cell is repolarizing, its voltage
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decreases
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the sodium-potassium pump inputs __ and outputs __
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K, Na
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It is a change in the internal or external environment
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stimulus
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What the stimulus does is that is __ the permeability of the cell membrane for __.
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increases, Na
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The vesicles that contain the neurotransmitter are located in the
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synaptic knobs/bulbs
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The IPSP is associated with
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a release of an inhibitory neurotransmitter
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The action potential is a movement of a __ wave along the fiber
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depolarization
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These are branches of the axon
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axon terminals
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The myelin sheath in the PNS is formed by the
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Schwann cells
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Sensory neurons that are bipolar
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those involved in vision and hearing
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Cavities of the CNS filled with CSF
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ventricles and central canal
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the saltatory conduction occurs in
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myelinated neurons
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the fastest speed for a nerve impulse occurs in a
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thick, myelinated neuron
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the acronym EPSP means
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Excitatory Postsynaptic Potential
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It is easier to fire the neuron when
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it is in EPSP state
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the rhombencephalon develops the
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metencephalon & myelencephalon
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from anterior to posterior regions, the sequence of your brain areas is
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telencephalon, diencephalon, mesencephalon, metencephalon, myelencephalon
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it has the same architecture as the nerve, but it is found in the CNS
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tract
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the meninges are arranged from outermost to innermost in this way
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arachnoid, dura mater, pia mater
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the csf is produced by the
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choroid plexus
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the motor region is found in the
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frontal lobe
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epithalamus, thalamus and hypothalamus compose the
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diencephalon
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inferior colliculi is part of the __ and it is related to __ reflexes
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mesencephalon, auditory
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it is not part of the cerebllum
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inferior colliculi
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the medulla oblongata composes the
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myelencephalon
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the RAS means
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Reticular Articulating System
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The gray matter in the cerebellum has an opposite distribution as in the
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spinal chord
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the horns in the spinal cord are made of
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cell bodies, synapses, neuroglia
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the cavity along the spinal cord
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central canal
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a deep depression is named
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fissure
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the oculomotor is a __ nerve that controls muscles of the __
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motor, eye
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someone who likes to gossip definitely uses a lot of his/her __ nerve to move the muscles of his.her tongue
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hypoglossal
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there are __ part of __ nerves
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31, spinal
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the dorsal roots of the spinal nerves are
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sensory
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someone had an accident and lost sensation in the arms and legs, but can move both extremities, this tells us that the damage was caused to
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the dorsal root of the spinal cord
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they dont make any plexus
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t2-t12
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the two branches of the motor nervous system
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somatic and autonomic
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it has direct control of muscle movements
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cerebrum
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melatonin shuts down the
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pineal gland
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you can drop your heart rate by controlling the __ of your __
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ANS, PNS
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they are related to color vision
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cones
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night vision is mostly performed by
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rods
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colors for the different photoreceptors
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red, green, blue
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the ciliary muscle of the eyes control
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the size of the lens
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the peripheral nerves of the parasympathetic division arise from
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the cranial nerves
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the acceleration of peristaltic movements (waves) in the digestive system is caused by stimulation to the
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ANS
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the somatic division of the nervous system is made of
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motor neurons
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it is not part of the ear
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rods
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the auditory center is located in the
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temporal lobe
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the dorsal roots of the spinal nerves are
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sensory
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it is attached to the tympanic membrane
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malleus
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in direct relation to balance
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semicircular canals
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the oculomotor nerve is a __
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motor only
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all spinal nerves are
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mixed
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the brachial plexus
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c5-t1
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you have used your __ to do analysis of the questions of this exam
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myelencephalon
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the __ and the __ make the forebrain
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telencephalon & diencephaln
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the threshold point for the neuron is
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-55mV
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The two branches of the motor nervous system are
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somatic NS and Autonomic NS
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the mesenphalon consists of __ and __
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cerebral peduncies, corpora quadrigemina
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the equilibrium of your body is controlled by the
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cerebellum
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bentricles I and II are separated by the
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septum pellucidum
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the acceleration of the heart rhythm is controlled by the
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autonomic division
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the vestibulocochlear nerve sends information to the areas of
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hearing and equilibrium
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there are __ pairs of lumbar nerves
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5
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mild depression is related to a __ concetration of __
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low, melatonin
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an opening on the superior region of the IV ventricle communicates with the
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subarachnoid space
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the myelin sheath is produced by __ in the __
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schwann cells, PNS
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motor neurons are
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multipolar
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these are gaps along the myelin sheath
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nodes of Ranvier
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subatomic particle with poitive charge
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proton
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the chemical symbol for sodium is
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Na
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Water is
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a molecule
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atom with a positive charge (ca +2)
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cation
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carbon has three isotopes, the radioisotope is
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C-14
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The element C is z=6, meaning that there are __ and __
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6 protons, 6 neutrons
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The atomic nucleus of Ca (z=20) is made of
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a & b are correct
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In the following representation of an ion ^17 8 O^-2, the number 17 represents
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mass number
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The number of protons in the atom shown above is
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8
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the number of electrons in that atom shown above is
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10
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the number of neutrons is
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9
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remember the computer program where Na transfers one electron to F? what chemical bond was made between sodium and fluoride?
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ionic
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the molecular formula C6 H12 O6 represents
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a carbohydrate
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a substance with a __ is the strongest base
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ph=11
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when you vomit the __ that produce in your stomach burns your throat cells
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hydrochloric acid
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if you pour drano on your vomit, you'll make
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table salt
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an alcoholic complain that rum is too expensive, he wishes he would do alcoholic fermentation because its final product is
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ethanol
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the CSI identified the crook with 99.999% certainty by getting his
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DNA
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You are resting, the energy of your body is
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potential energy
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to be called inorganic a compound must not contain
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carbon
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name for many strands of trios of ribose-phosphate-nitrogenous bases
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polynucleotides
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a polypeptide contains
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many amino acids
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RNA is made of
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1 polypeptide
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it is made of two strands
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DNA
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the energy needed in your brain to answer this test is provided by
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ATP
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uracil is present in one
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RNA
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one of the following chemical combinations is true for dna
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A=T
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your brain cells are
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aerobic
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my desk is messy, because the __ is __
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entropy, high
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scolopendra rulz is trying to lose weight and asks you what you recommend. you tell her
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buy smaller dishes, exercise
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in control of the cell activities
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nucleus
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they produce ATP in your body
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mitochondria
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they are found inside the nucleus
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chromatin fibers
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enzymes are
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protiens
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movement of water molecules across a cell membrane
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osmosis
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It occurs from low concentration to high concentration and with the help of a carrier
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active transport
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the pancreatic gland
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secrete hormones
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the suffix that indicates a substance is a carbohydrate is
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-ose
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lipase is specifically
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an enzyme
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the cells of the __ used the most atps
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your brain cells right now
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permanent long and scarce cytoplasmic projections
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flagella
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it initiates glycolysis
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glucose
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for each glucose, the krebs cycle makes
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2 turns
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the final compound produced at the end of the electron transport chain is
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water
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one of the following is part of the krebs cycle
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citric acid
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a parasite (child) is born. so he was 50% _ from the dad and 50% _ from the mom.
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DNA, DNA
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one of the following is found in an anaerobic process only
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lactic acid
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the net gain of ATPs in your brain cells is
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36
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the lactic fermentation
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your muscles when you exercise
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in your brain cells, your genes are found specifically inside the
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chromosomes
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the HIV attacks
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WBC
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proviruses are
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double-stranded DNA's
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the sequence of phases in mitotic division is
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IPMAT
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the point of attachment between chromatids is named
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centromere
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one of the following messenger RNA's will be produced by a DNA sequence AGCTTAG
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UCGAAUC
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anticodons are part of the
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tRNA
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transcription occurs in the __ to make __
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nucleus, mRNA
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the study of the structure of body parts
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physiology
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these molecules transport amino acids to the location where translation takes place
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tRNAs
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these molecules (directly) participate in translation
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mRNA tRNA
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translation ends with the production of
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polypeptide
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the system that protects and supports body organs
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skeletal systems
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neck
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cervical
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thumb
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pollex
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the nasal bones are __ to the zygomatic bones
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medial
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the term sural refers to
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the leg
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anolis feels the pain in the popliteal region, which means that the pain is located
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posterior to the patella
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the term for the region posterior to the antecubital is
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olecranal
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it is the plane that divides your body in superior and inferior regions
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transverse plane
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housing your brain
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cranial cavity
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the region that is medially located and inferior to the umbilical region
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hypogastric region
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it is not part of your arm
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sural
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your epidermis is made of
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keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
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simple columnar epithelium is composed of
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a single layer of cylindrical cells
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the single layer of flat cells
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is simple squamous epithelial tissue
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the urinary bladder contains
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transitional epithelium
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tissuue that stores fat
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adipose
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tissue with lacunae and hardened matrix of calcium salts
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osseus
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part of the immune system
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WBC
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to carry oxygen
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erythrocytes
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striations are found in
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skeletal muscle
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your biceps brachii
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is a striated muscle
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its cells are mononucleated and have intercalated discs
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muscle making the heart
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a hole space or cavity in the matrix of cartilage
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lacuna
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one of the following is not part of the osteon
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thrombocyte
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the protein __ is abundant in your skin
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keratin
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it is the pigment that gives color to the skin
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melanin
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it has liquid matrix
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blood
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those shiny ends that you see in the opened joints of the chicken legs are made of
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hyaline cartilage
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the main function of sweating when exercising is to
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decrease the body temperature
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sudoriferous glands are also called
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sweat glands
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associated with spongy bone
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trabeculae
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it is part of the appendicular skeleton
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clavicle
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you drive to work early morning in your tinted glass car, work inside, ect. base on that you most likely have a low level of
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vitamin D
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a projection is named
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process
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the csi agent concluded that the victim had her hyoid bone broken. that tells you that she was
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strangle
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obturator foramen is found in the
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os coxa
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the humerus articulates with the
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scapula
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there are _ bones in the vertebral column
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26
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it is found immediately posterior to the lacrimal bone
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ethmoid
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the occipital condyles are
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lateral to the foramen magnum
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it is an opening medial to the hypoglossal canals
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foramen magnum
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its in the midsagital plane
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crista galli
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glenoid cavity is part of the
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scapula
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the lambdoidal suture is a_ joint
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synarthrotic
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she had arthritis so bad that they had to replace her coal joint, that means they replaced the _ and the _
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head of the femur, acetabelum
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one of the following is not part of the skull
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transverse foramen
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the second vertabra
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axis
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the foramen found on each lateral process of a vertebra
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transverse foramen
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he was using an electric power saw and cut his left pollex completely out at the metacarpal level. now he has in his left hand __ phalanges
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12
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wrists
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carpals
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a woman has __ ribs
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24
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it is the cell membrane of the muscle fiber
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sarcolemma
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the terminal cisternae are storing systems for
|
Ca
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the basic structural and functional unit of the skeletal muscle
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sarcomere
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the action potential is made by this combo
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depo-repo
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the fastest to fatigue
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skeletal muscle
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it is produced in transcription
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mRNA
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A single response given by one stimulus at a threshold level
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muscle twitch
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the postsynaptic neuron is hyperpolarized by an
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inhibitory neurotransmitter
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you are what your _ is
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brain
|
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this is the most posterior region of your brain
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myelencephalon
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all your spinal nerves are
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motor nerves
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the tough outer layer protecting your brain is the
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dura mater
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the name of the region of a neuron where the nucleus is
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cell body
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ganglia are found
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in the PNS
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right now your eyes are sending nerve impulses via _ to your brain and the nerve impulses go directly to the _
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sensory neurons, primary visual area
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the myelin sheath is chemically
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lipid
|
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the foramen found on each lateral process of a vertebra
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transverse foramen
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he was using an electric power saw and cut his left pollex completely out at the metacarpal level. now he has in his left hand __ phalanges
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12
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|
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wrists
|
carpals
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a woman has __ ribs
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24
|
|
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it is the cell membrane of the muscle fiber
|
sarcolemma
|
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the terminal cisternae are storing systems for
|
Ca
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the basic structural and functional unit of the skeletal muscle
|
sarcomere
|
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the action potential is made by this combo
|
depo-repo
|
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the fastest to fatigue
|
skeletal muscle
|
|
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it is produced in transcription
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mRNA
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the seasonal affective disorder (winter blues) occurs because the concetration of _ increases during the winter
|
melatonin
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someone who responds with rage all the time is certainly controlled by the
|
limbic system
|
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someone tells you that you have no gray matter. that is an insult because the person means you have no
|
no cell bodies in your cerebral cortex
|
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from anterior to posterior regions, the sequence of the embryonic brain areas is
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prosencephalon, mesencephalon, rhombencephalon
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the process that makes atps in your brain
|
aerobic respiration
|
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the csf is dumped in the blood by the
|
arachnoid villi
|
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if you need an immediate source of energy, the best shot is
|
a glass of water and sugar
|
|
|
the outermost molecule of the HIV capsule
|
gp-120
|
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the brocas's area is related to
|
speech
|
|
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right now you are using your _ to interpret this premise and look for the right answer
|
white matter of your cerebrum
|
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this person is in a fatal accident that destroyed his medulla oblongata. one of the immediate symptoms observable in the individual will be
|
he wont be able to breath
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a deep depression (like the one in the midsaggital plane in your cerebrum) is named
|
fissure
|
|
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he had a stroke and now he cant recondize his daughter. so definitely the stroke damaged
|
the visual association area
|
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|
there are _ pairs of cervical nerves
|
8
|
|
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chromosomes are aligned along the equator of the cell during
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Metaphase
|
|
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inside your ears, to provide info to balance your body
|
semicircular canals
|
|
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an opening in your eyes
|
pupil
|
|
|
the autonomic nervous system is amde by the
|
SyNS and the PaNS
|
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it has endocrine function as well as nervous function
|
epithalamus
|
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for hearing
|
cochlea
|
|
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you actually see ogjects with your
|
retina
|
|
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the colored area surrounding your pupil
|
iris
|
|
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your cranial nerves are
|
sensory, motor or mixed
|
|
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the first energy level can hold
|
2 electrons
|
|
|
pure substances made of the same kind of atoms
|
element
|
|
|
isotopes of the same element differ in their
|
mass number
|
|
|
a neutral ataom has, for sure the same number of _ and _
|
protons and electrons
|
|
|
the chemical bond where _ are transferred is called _
|
electrons, ionic
|
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|
NaCl is
|
an inorganic compound
|
|
|
the elements present in a nucleic acids are
|
C H O N P
|
|
|
one of the following is the chemical composition of your genes
|
DNA
|
|
|
the energy of movement
|
kinetic energy
|
|
|
glycogen is
|
polysaccharicle
|
|
|
a nucleotide contains a
|
nitrogenous base, pentos sugar, phosphate group
|
|
|
RNA is made of
|
1 polypeptide
|
|
|
a DNA strand is made of
|
many nucleotides
|
|
|
the hunter has the bow flexed.. what type of energy
|
potential energy
|
|
|
complex enzymes are made of several
|
polypeptides
|
|
|
the cellular material found surrounding the nucleus is called the
|
cytoplasm
|
|
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the cell membrane is made of
|
bilayer of phospholipids with some proteins embedded in it
|
|
|
it is not found in plant cells
|
centriole
|
|
|
the final compound produced at the end of the ETC is
|
water
|
|
|
one of the following sequences outlines best the aerobic respiration
|
glycolysis, conversion of pa to acetyl-CoA, krebs cycle, ETC
|
|
|
one of the following is the last acceptor of hydrogens in the ETC
|
O2
|
|
|
it is not part of the krebs cycle
|
pyruvic acid
|
|
|
the cell starts the cellular respiration by investing initially _ ATPs
|
2
|
|
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lysosomes are produced by the
|
golgi body
|
|
|
the anatomical position represents the body in
|
vertical and with palms supinated anteriorly
|
|
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the head of the femur is _ to the tarsals
|
proximal
|
|
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the dorsal body cavity is dived into
|
vertebral and cranial cavities
|
|
|
it is not a formed element
|
fibrocyte
|
|
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it is not a fiber of the connective tissue
|
commisural
|
|
|
the outer layer of the skin contain the waterproof substance
|
keratin
|
|
|
the layer of the epidermis where cell division occurs is the stratum
|
basale
|
|
|
the oil glands secrete
|
sebum
|
|
|
sudoriferous glands are also called
|
sweat glands
|
|
|
a sweat gland is
|
an exocrine gland
|
|
|
extremities of a long bone
|
epiphysis
|
|
|
the articulating surfaces of the femur are protected with
|
hyaline cartilage
|
|
|
there are _ bones in the vertebral column
|
26
|
|
|
it is anterior to the temporal bone
|
sphenoid
|
|
|
the occipital condyles rest on the
|
superior facets of the atlas
|
|
|
movement that decreases the angle between two bones
|
flexion
|
|
|
the first true vertebrea
|
atlas
|
|
|
the grey matter of the cerebellum has an opposite distribution as in the
|
spinal cord
|
|
|
the horns in the spinal cord are made of
|
cells bodies, synapses, and neuroglia
|
|
|
the pineal gland is found in the
|
brain
|
|
|
the brachial plexus
|
c5-t1
|
