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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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third world
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developing nations; not industrialized
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Argentina?
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ruled by Juan Peron with a populist platform and severe pol repression. 1955 -> driven from pwr, with supporters. Military dictators took over
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Mexico?
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PRI ctrl, experienced pol instability. Zapatistas attacked gov. 2000 -> cons. PAN took over
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Zapatistas
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guerrilla movement that attacked supressive gov
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What gov model did most revolutionaries follow?
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Marxist socialism. Proved ineffective
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How was Guatemala at the beginning of reform?
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Illiterate, high mortality, weak eco
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Juan Jose Arevalo
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1944 -> Guatemalan elected president who began 'spirited socialism'
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What were some of Arevalo's policies?
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Land, edu reform, income tax, intense nationalism
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What happened in Guatemala during the end of Arevalo's term?
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Got into conflict with foreign in his country (United Fruit) Then Arbenz was elected, with US intervention.
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United Fruit Company
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most important foreign concern in Guatemala
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What did US do in Guatemala?
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1954 -> Took out Arbenz, and set up land reform favorable to United Fruit. Cont pol instability
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What were conditions like in Cuba before switch to socialism?
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Fulengecio Batista ruled (authoritarian) heavily corrupted democratic constitution
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Fulengecio Batista
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dictator of Cuba; defeated by Fidel Castro in 1959
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What did Fidel Castro do once in power?
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He and Guevara gathered a small mil force and set up socialist regime
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What were some rules in Castro's socialist regime?
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NO FOREIGN, collectivization, dec in basic freedoms
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liberation theology
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combo of Catholic theology and socialist principles to aid LA poor
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What were some countries taken over by military coups?
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Brazil, Argentina, and Chile
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Salvador Allende
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Chile -> socialist president ovrthrown by mil w/ US
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What did countries taken over by mil coups have in common?
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autocratic buer, chain of command, stringent measures to ctrl inflation, torture of opponents. Lack of major changes (land reform, etc)
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Nicaragua?
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Held elections that removed Sandinista party
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Sandinista party
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Nicaraguan socialist movement
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Augusto Sandino
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Nicaragua -> led a guerrilla movement against US troops, Assanated by NatGuard and became national hero
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What were some probs facing LA?
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large foreign loans taken for dev created debt -> inflation, drug trade. Great pop inc => shantytowns
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banana republics
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US friendly dictatorships; dependent on tropical products with corrupt and subservient govs to US. Created from direct US interventions
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Good Neighbor Policy
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FDR created to stop direct interventions in LA
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Alliance for Progress
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1961 -> created to develop LA as an alt to radical pol solutions; limited success
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How did role of women change?
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Was slow to manifest. They played an important part in service jobs
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How is the working class in LA different from the one in Europe?
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In Europe, industrialization united classes, while in LA the gov has weakened the ability for the working class to be involved in pol
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