Ap World History Chapter 23 Vocabulary

Front 1

Caravels

Back 1

Slender, long-hulled vessels utilized by Portuguese; highly maneuverable and able to sail against the wind; key to development of Portuguese trade empire in Asia.

Hint 1

Vessels

Front 2

Asian Sea Trading Network

Back 2

Prior to intervention of Europeans, consisted of three zones; Arab zone based on glass, carpets, and tapestries; India zone based on cotton textiles; China zone based on paper, porcelain, and silks.

Hint 2

Three

Front 3

Mercantilists

Back 3

Economic thinkers who argued that a ruler's and kingdom's power depended on the amount of precious metals they controlled. This led to an emphasis on using manufactured goods rather than gold or silver in commercial exchanges with other nations or empires.

Hint 3

Metals

Front 4

Ormuz

Back 4

Portuguese factory or fortified trade town located at southern end of Persian Gulf; site for forcible entry into Asian sea trade network.

Hint 4

Southern

Front 5

Goa

Back 5

Portuguese factory or fortified trade town located on western India coast; site for forcible entry into Asian sea trade network.

Hint 5

Western

Front 6

Factories

Back 6

European trading fortresses and compounds with resident merchants; utilized throughout Portuguese trading empire to assure secure landing places and commerce.

Hint 6

Trading

Front 7

Batavia

Back 7

Dutch fortress located after 1620 on the island of Java.

Hint 7

Fortress

Front 8

Dutch Trading Empire

Back 8

The Dutch system extending into Asia with fortified towns and factories, warships on patrol, and monopoly control of a limited number of products.

Hint 8

Monopoly

Front 9

Luzon

Back 9

Northern island of Philippines; conquered by Spain during the 1560s; site of major Catholic missionary effort.

Hint 9

Missionary

Front 10

Mindanao

Back 10

Southern island of Philippines; a Muslim kingdom that was able to successfully resist Spanish conquest.

Hint 10

Muslim

Front 11

Francis Xavier

Back 11

Spanish Jesuit missionary; worked in India in 1540s among the outcaste and lower caste groups; made little headway among elites.

Hint 11

Jesuit

Front 12

Robert di Nobili

Back 12

(1577-1656) Italian Jesuit missionary; worked in India during the early 1600s; introduced strategy to convert elites first; strategy later widely adopted by Jesuits in various parts of Asia; mission eventually failed.

Hint 12

Stategy

Front 13

Hongwu

Back 13

First Ming emperor in 1368; originally of peasant lineage; original name Zhu Yuanzhang; restored position of scholar-gentry.

Hint 13

Ming

Front 14

Macao

Back 14

One of two ports in which Europeans were permitted to trade in China during the Ming dynasty.

Hint 14

Trade

Front 15

Canton

Back 15

One of two port cities in which Europeans were permitted to trade in China during the Ming dynasty.

Hint 15

Trade

Front 16

Matteo Ricci

Back 16

(1552-1610) Along with Adam Schall, Jesuit scholar in court of Ming emperors; skilled scientist; won few converts to Christianity.

Hint 16

Scholar

Front 17

Adam Schall

Back 17

(1591-1666) Along with Matteo Ricci, Jesuit scholar in court of Ming emperors; skilled scientist; won few converts to Christianity.

Hint 17

Scholar

Front 18

Chongzhen

Back 18

Last of the Ming emperors; committed suicide in 1644 in the face of a Jurchen capture of the Forbidden City at Beijing.

Hint 18

Suicide

Front 19

Oda Bobunaga

Back 19

(1534-1582) Japanese daimyo; first to make extensive use of firearms; in 1573 deposed last of Ashikaga shoguns; unified much of central Honshu under his command.

Hint 19

Firearms

Front 20

Toyotomi Hideyoshi

Back 20

General under Nobunaga; succeeded as leading military power in central Japan; continued efforts to break power of daimyos; constructed a series of alliances that made him military master of Japan in 1590; died in 1598.

Hint 20

Military

Front 21

Tokugawa Ieyasu

Back 21

Vassal of Toyotomi Hideyoshi; succeeded him as most powerful military figure in Japan; granted title of shogun in 1603 and established Tokugawa shogunate; established political unity.

Hint 21

Unity

Front 22

Edo

Back 22

Tokugawa capital city; modern-day Tokyo; center of the Tokugawa shogunate.

Hint 22

Capital

Front 23

Deshima

Back 23

Island in Nagasaki Bay; only port open to non-Japanese after closure of the islands in the 1640s; only Chinese and Dutch ships were permitted to enter.

Hint 23

Closure

Front 24

School of National Learning

Back 24

New ideology that laid emphasis on Japan's unique historical experience and the revival of indigenous culture at the expense of Chinese imports such as Confucianism; typical of Japan in 18th century.

Hint 24

Ideology