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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the first recognizable cultural activity of a human beings?
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Cave paintings
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Most early human activity centered on this pursuit?
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Stone Tools.
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What is the relationship between meat eating and tool making?
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The better the tools the easier it is to hunt.
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What were the causes of the transition from hunting and gathering to plant cultivation?
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Logical and easier.
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What is the most efficient method of clearing land for agriculture?
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Burns.
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Why did women play a major role in transition to crop cultivation?
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They foraged.
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In which area of the world did the transition to crop cultivation?
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Middle East
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What is "swidden" agriculture?
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Moving from field to field
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What was the most important crop in the Americas?
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Corn
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What were the purposes of early domesticated animals?
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To track game
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Why did the american continents have few domesticated animals?
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Isolation of the Americas
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What was the most substantial consequence of ag adoption?
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Harder life
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How were farmers able to displace foragers from fertile land?
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Violence and taking over land.
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What deities were the focus of religions of early farming communities?
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Dead ancestors
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What do large burial chambers suggest?
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A worship of the dead
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What activities do the growth of settled ag communities encourage?
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Trade and specialized craft
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The town of Catal Huyuk became wealthy from trade in these items
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Obsidian and craft items
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What was the primary use of metal work in late Neolithic period?
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Making ceremonial objects
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What was the importance of floodplains to early societies?
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Makes land fertile
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What was the importance of the creation mythology to early societies?
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To explain things
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What was the main danger of living in Mesopotamia?
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Floods
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What made ag in Mesopotamia possible?
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The well watered land
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What were the earliest people in Mesopotamia?
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Sumerians
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What languages are included in the Semitic family?
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Hebrew Aramaic Phoencian
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Define city-state
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Self governing urban center
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What was the purpose of the temples in early Mesopotamian cities?
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To be the main room of a cult.
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what type of political system became dominant in Sumer in the 3rd millennium B.C.?
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Lugal system
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Who was the first king to unite the city-states of Sumer?
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Sargon
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What is the Babylonian leader Hammurabi best known for?
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Aggressive military campaigns
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What caused Mesopotamians to begin conquests for far-reaching territories?
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Resources
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How many classes made up Mesopotamian society?
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3
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Why were women not as important in Mesopotamia as they were in hunter-gatherer societies?
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Weren't depended on for food as much
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How were Mesopotamian preists chosen?
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Hereditary
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What does the abundance of amulets suggest about Mesopotamian beliefs?
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Believed in magic
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What was Mesopotamian writing called?
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Cuneiform writing
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What is the advantages of bronze over other metal?
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Sharper, less easy to break, easier to repair
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Why does Egypt have such a unique society?
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Isolation
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How regular was the annual flooding of the Nile River?
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Very
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What were Egypt's abundant natural resources?
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Papyrus stone clay copper turquise
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What is the importance of King Menes to society?
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First full power king
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Define ma'at
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Order of the universe
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Why did Egypt not establish a code of law like that of Mesopotamia?
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Ma'at
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How were Egyptian records kept?
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Heiroglyphics
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On what were the concepts of Egyptian religion based?
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Events in life
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Why are Egyptian death ritual so complex?
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Their beleif in a good afterlife
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What geographic features do all early societies have in common?
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Rivers
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What are the 2 main cities of early Indian civilizations?
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Punjab and Dehli
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Why is it so difficult to understand early Indian record keeping?
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Weird writing with many symbols
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What was the function of most metal stuff?
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Worship
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What led to the down fall of Induse River Valley societes?
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Population/Economy
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