Ap Vocab

Front 1

rhetorical strategies

Back 1

technique that an author or speaker uses to convey to the listener or reader a meaning with the goal of persuading him or her towards considering a topic from a different perspective

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tone

Back 2

the general character or attitude of a place, piece of writing, situation, etc.

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diction

Back 3

the choice and use of words and phrases in speech or writing

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syntax

Back 4

the arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language.

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logic

Back 5

a proper or reasonable way of thinking about or understanding something

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grammar

Back 6

the set of rules that explain how words are used in a languageargument: a statement or series of statements for or against something

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synthesis

Back 7

written discussion that draws on one or more sources

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authors

Back 8

a person who has written something; especially : a person who has written a book or who writes many books

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comparison

contrast

Back 9

the act of looking at things to see how they are similar or different

to compare (two people or things) to show how they are different

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analogy

Back 10

a comparison of two things based on their being alike in some wayfigurative language: language that uses words or expressions with ameaning that is different from the literal interpretation

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connotation

Back 11

an idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning.subordination & coordination: ways of combining words, phrases, and clauses into more complex forms.

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levels of diction

Back 12

four generally accepted levels of diction—formal, informal, colloquial, or slang—may be correct in a particular context but incorrect in another or when mixed unintentionally

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cumulative structure

periodic structure

Back 13

they begin with the main independent clause and then pile on information in phrases and dependent clauses

begins with phrases or dependent clauses and holds off on incorporating the main independent clause until the end. It cannot grammatically end correctly before the period

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parallelism

Back 14

the use of successive verbal constructions in poetry or prose that correspond in grammatical structure, sound, meter, meaning, etc.

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balance

Back 15

a condition in which different elements are equal or in the correct proportions.

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anecdotes

Back 16

a short and amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person.

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terms

Back 17

a word or phrase used to describe a thing or to express a concept, especially in a particular kind of language or branch of study.

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active voice

passive voice

Back 18

unmarked voice for clauses featuring a transitive verb in nominative–accusative languages, including English and most other Indo-European languages. Active voice is used in a clause whose subject expresses the agent of the main verb.

The noun or noun phrase that would be the object of an active sentence appears as the subject of a sentence

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metaphor

Back 19

comparison not using like or as

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simile

Back 20

comparison using like or as

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apostrophe

Back 21

an address

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allusion

Back 22

reference to something outside the text

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hyperbole

Back 23

exaggeration

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irony

Back 24

stating or portraying the opposite of the authors true feeling

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paradox

Back 25

seeming contradiction

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epithet

Back 26

name-calling

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euphemism

Back 27

using a more polite term for a coarse or unpleasant term

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alliteration

Back 28

repetition of initial sounds

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onomatopoeia

Back 29

words whose sounds imitates the act

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satire

Back 30

the use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people's stupidity or vices, particularly in the context of contemporary politics and other topical issues.

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parody

Back 31

an imitation of the style of a particular writer, artist, or genre with deliberate exaggeration for comic effect.

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antithesis

Back 32

a contrast or opposition between two things.

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inversion

Back 33

the action of inverting something or the state of being inverted.

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anaphora

Back 34

the use of a word referring to or replacing a word used earlier in a sentence, to avoid repetition, such as do in I like it and so do they.

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exposition

Back 35

a comprehensive description and explanation of an idea or theory.

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aphorism

Back 36

a concise statement of a scientific principle, typically by an ancient classical author.

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classification

Back 37

the action or process of classifying something according to shared qualities or characteristics.

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syllogism

Back 38

an instance of a form of reasoning in which a conclusion is drawn (whether validly or not) from two given or assumed propositions (premises), each of which shares a term with the conclusion, and shares a common or middle term not present in the conclusion

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cause and effect

Back 39

noting a relationship between actions or events such that one or more are the result of the other or others.

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process analysis

Back 40

An operation is composed of processes designed to add value by transforming inputs into useful outputs

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narration

Back 41

something narrated; an account, story, or narrative.

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description

Back 42

a statement, picture in words, or account that describes; descriptiverepresentation.

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logos

Back 43

literary device that can be defined as a statement, sentence or argument used to convince or persuade the targeted audience by employing reason or logic

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pathos

Back 44

a quality that evokes pity or sadness.

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ethos

Back 45

appeal to ethics, and it is a means of convincing someone of the character or credibility of the persuader

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deduction

induction

Back 46

starts out with a general statement, or hypothesis, and examines the possibilities to reach a specific, logical conclusion

Inductive reasoning makes broad generalizations from specific observations

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qualify/qualifier

Back 47

a word or phrase that changed how absolute, certain or generalized a statement is

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cliche

Back 48

a phrase or opinion that is overused and betrays a lack of original thought.

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subjective

objective

Back 49

based on or influenced by personal feelings, tastes, or opinions.

(of a person or their judgment) not influenced by personal feelings or opinions in considering and representing facts.

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literal

figurative

Back 50

taking words in their usual or most basic sense without metaphor or allegory.

language that uses words or expressions with ameaning that is different from the literal interpretation

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denotation

Back 51

the literal or primary meaning of a word, in contrast to the feelings or ideas that the word suggests.

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hasty generalization

faulty causality

Back 52

informal fallacy of faulty generalization by reaching an inductive generalization based on insufficient evidence—essentially making a hasty conclusion without considering all of the variables.

arguing that the cause of something is that which preceded it, and which does not take into account any other possible causes.

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equivocation

ad hominem

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the use of ambiguous language to conceal the truth or to avoid committing oneself; prevarication.

(of an argument or reaction) directed against a person rather than the position they are maintaining.

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definition

Back 54

the art of defining, or of making something definite

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non sequitur

either/or choice

Back 55

a conclusion or statement that does not logically follow from the previous argument or statement.

A strictly limited choice or division between only two options.

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begging the question

Back 56

fallacy in which the premises include the claim that the conclusion is true or (directly or indirectly) assume that the conclusion is true