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67 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
rhetorical devices/strategy: |
technique that an author or speaker uses to convey to the listener or reader a meaning with the goal of persuading him or her towards considering a topic from a different perspective |
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tone: |
the general character or attitude of a place, piece of writing, situation, etc. |
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diction: |
the choice and use of words and phrases in speech or writing |
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syntax: |
the arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language. |
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logic: |
a proper or reasonable way of thinking about or understanding something |
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grammar: |
the set of rules that explain how words are used in a languageargument: a statement or series of statements for or against something |
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synthesis: |
written discussion that draws on one or more sources |
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authors: |
a person who has written something; especially : a person who has written a book or who writes many books |
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comparison: |
the act of looking at things to see how they are similar or different |
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contrast: |
to compare (two people or things) to show how they are different |
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analogy: |
a comparison of two things based on their being alike in some wayfigurative language: language that uses words or expressions with ameaning that is different from the literal interpretation |
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connotation: |
an idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning.subordination & coordination: ways of combining words, phrases, and clauses into more complex forms. |
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levels of diction: |
four generally accepted levels of diction—formal, informal, colloquial, or slang—may be correct in a particular context but incorrect in another or when mixed unintentionally |
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cumulative structure/sentence: |
they begin with the main independent clause and then pile on information in phrases and dependent clauses |
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periodic structure/sentence: |
begins with phrases or dependent clauses and holds off on incorporating the main independent clause until the end. It cannot grammatically end correctly before the period |
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parallelism: |
the use of successive verbal constructions in poetry or prose that correspond in grammatical structure, sound, meter, meaning, etc. |
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balance: |
a condition in which different elements are equal or in the correct proportions. |
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anecdotes: |
a short and amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person. |
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TERMS: |
a word or phrase used to describe a thing or to express a concept, especially in a particular kind of language or branch of study. |
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active voice: |
unmarked voice for clauses featuring a transitive verb in nominative–accusative languages, including English and most other Indo-European languages. Active voice is used in a clause whose subject expresses the agent of the main verb. |
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passive voice: |
The noun or noun phrase that would be the object of an active sentence appears as the subject of a sentence |
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metaphor: |
comparison not using like or as |
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simile |
comparison using like or as |
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apostrophe |
an address |
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allusion |
reference to something outside the text |
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hyperbole: |
exaggeration |
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irony |
stating or portraying the opposite of the authors true feeling |
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paradox |
seeming contradiction |
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epithet |
an adjective or descriptive phrase expressing a quality characteristic of the person or thing mentioned. |
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euphemism |
using a more polite term for a coarse or unpleasant term
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alliteration |
repetition of initial sounds |
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onomatopoeia |
words whose sounds imitates the act |
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satire |
the use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people's stupidity or vices, particularly in the context of contemporary politics and other topical issues. |
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parody |
an imitation of the style of a particular writer, artist, or genre with deliberate exaggeration for comic effect. |
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antithesis |
a contrast or opposition between two things. |
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inversion |
the action of inverting something or the state of being inverted. |
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anaphora |
the use of a word referring to or replacing a word used earlier in a sentence, to avoid repetition, such as do in I like it and so do they. |
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exposition |
a comprehensive description and explanation of an idea or theory. |
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aphorism |
a concise statement of a scientific principle, typically by an ancient classical author. |
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classification |
the action or process of classifying something according to shared qualities or characteristics. |
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syllogism |
an instance of a form of reasoning in which a conclusion is drawn (whether validly or not) from two given or assumed propositions (premises), each of which shares a term with the conclusion, and shares a common or middle term not present in the conclusion |
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cause and effect |
noting a relationship between actions or events such that one or more are the result of the other or others. |
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process analysis |
An operation is composed of processes designed to add value by transforming inputs into useful outputs |
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narration |
something narrated; an account, story, or narrative. |
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description |
a statement, picture in words, or account that describes; descriptiverepresentation. |
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logos |
literary device that can be defined as a statement, sentence or argument used to convince or persuade the targeted audience by employing reason or logic |
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pathos |
a quality that evokes pity or sadness. |
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ethos |
appeal to ethics, and it is a means of convincing someone of the character or credibility of the persuader |
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deduction |
starts out with a general statement, or hypothesis, and examines the possibilities to reach a specific, logical conclusion |
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induction |
Inductive reasoning makes broad generalizations from specific observations |
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qualify/qualifier |
a word or phrase that changed how absolute, certain or generalized a statement is |
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cliche |
a phrase or opinion that is overused and betrays a lack of original thought. |
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subjective |
based on or influenced by personal feelings, tastes, or opinions. |
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objective |
(of a person or their judgment) not influenced by personal feelings or opinions in considering and representing facts. |
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literal |
taking words in their usual or most basic sense without metaphor or allegory. |
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figurative |
language that uses words or expressions with ameaning that is different from the literal interpretation |
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denotation |
the literal or primary meaning of a word, in contrast to the feelings or ideas that the word suggests. |
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hasty generalization |
informal fallacy of faulty generalization by reaching an inductive generalization based on insufficient evidence—essentially making a hasty conclusion without considering all of the variables. |
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faulty causality |
arguing that the cause of something is that which preceded it, and which does not take into account any other possible causes. |
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equivocation |
the use of ambiguous language to conceal the truth or to avoid committing oneself; prevarication. |
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ad hominem |
(of an argument or reaction) directed against a person rather than the position they are maintaining. |
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definition |
the art of defining, or of making something definite |
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non sequitur |
a conclusion or statement that does not logically follow from the previous argument or statement. |
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either/or choice |
A strictly limited choice or division between only two options. |
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begging the question |
fallacy in which the premises include the claim that the conclusion is true or (directly or indirectly) assume that the conclusion is true |
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figure of speech |
a word or phrase used in a nonliteral sense to add rhetorical force to a spoken or written passage. |
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epigram |
a pithy saying or remark expressing an idea in a clever and amusing way. |